We live in a world where romance is celebrated, but talking about sexual health is somewhat taboo. It is probably why more than ten lakh Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are acquired every day worldwide.
An STI or STD usually spreads through unprotected sexual contact with an infected person. This can include vaginal, anal, or oral sex, as well as sharing of contaminated needles or coming into contact with infected blood or bodily fluids.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are an estimated 37.4 crore new infections annually, with one of four curable STIs, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, and trichomoniasis. Unfortunately, the majority of the cases are asymptomatic, which is why diagnosis is often delayed, leading to serious complications and putting many others at risk.
Also Read: What Are Sexually Transmitted Infections? STIs Explained
In this article, we will discuss the importance of getting an STI or STD test and share how often you should get yourself tested. It is, after all, one of the most effective ways to confirm your sexual health status.
Importance Of STD Test
If you suspect an STI, getting tested is crucial. The type of test you'll need depends on the specific infection you're concerned about. This can include:
Blood tests: These can diagnose syphilis, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and sometimes herpes.
Urine tests: These are used for diagnosing trichomoniasis and sometimes gonorrhoea.
Swab tests: This type of screening method is used for detecting Human Papillomavirus (HPV), chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and herpes. Specimens are collected from the infected area using a special swab. For women, this might involve the vagina or cervix, while for men, it could be the penis or urethra.
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): This uncommon test may be used if advanced syphilis or brain/spinal cord involvement from herpes is suspected.
Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr N Sapna Lulla, Lead Consultant, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, emphasised the importance of getting STD tests.
She said, “Regular STD testing is crucial for maintaining sexual health. It helps in detecting infections early, enabling prompt treatment, and preventing complications.”
Further adding, she said, “Ignoring testing can lead to the spread of infections, infertility, and other serious health issues. Taking responsibility for one's sexual health by getting tested regularly is essential for personal well-being and the well-being of sexual partners.”
When And How Often Should You Get An STD Test?
Regardless of your age or relationship status, if you are or have been sexually active, STD tests are crucial.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends all adults and adolescents from ages 13–64 get tested at least once for HIV.
Sexually active women younger than 25 years and those older than 25 with risk factors such as new or multiple sex partners or a sex partner who has an STD are advised to get tested for gonorrhoea and chlamydia every year.
Pregnant individuals should also get tested for syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C starting early in pregnancy.
Also Read: Sex During Periods Is Safe But Does It Prevent Pregnancy? Dr Anjali Kumar Demystifies Menstrual Sex
Additionally, regular testing is recommended for sexually active gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, including annual screenings for syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhoea, according to the CDC.
HIV testing should occur at least once a year, with more frequent testing (every 3 to 6 months) advised for those with multiple or anonymous partners. Additionally, individuals living with HIV should undergo annual hepatitis C testing.
A Final Word
STDs, or STIs, occur when you have unprotected sexual contact with an infected person. Barrier methods, such as condoms and dental dams, are usually recommended to prevent transmission of STIs or STDs. However, such infections can also spread if you share contaminated needles or come into contact with infected blood or bodily fluids. If you've engaged in any such activities, it is advisable to get screened for them. There is no limitation to when and how often you can get tested. As long as you stay aware and take all necessary precautions, you can maintain your and your partner's sexual health and wellness.