Ashwagandha is everywhere, from stress-busting teas to sleep supplements and gym pills promising better stamina. This ancient Ayurvedic herb has become the go-to for those looking for natural ways to feel calmer, stronger, and more energised. However, just because something is natural does not always mean it is safe. Lately, there’s been growing discussion around a serious question: Can ashwagandha harm your liver? As more people add it to their daily routine without medical guidance, doctors are raising red flags about possible side effects we shouldn’t ignore.
We spoke to Vidhi Chawla, Dietician and Founder, Fisico Diet and Aesthetic Clinic, Gurugram, who explained the impact of ashwagandha on liver health.
According to StatPearls, ashwagandha is an herb from Ayurveda derived from the roots of the Withania somnifera plant, a low-growing evergreen shrub found in India and Southeast Asia. The name Ashwagandha is derived from Sanskrit and translates to 'horse smell.' Often referred to as 'Indian ginseng,' this herb has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used to treat conditions including stress, anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, pain, various dermatological conditions, diabetes, arthritis, and epilepsy. Additionally, Ashwagandha serves as a general tonic, helping to boost energy, diminish fatigue, and counteract the effects of ageing.
But like all-natural remedies, the belief that 'natural equals safe' can be misleading.
Can Ashwagandha Affect Your Liver?
While liver injury from ashwagandha is uncommon, it's certainly not unknown. “Several case reports have appeared in the medical literature in which people developed Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) from consuming ashwagandha supplements. Most individuals can tolerate ashwagandha without issue. However, there have been reports of individuals developing liver dysfunction, ranging from mild elevations of enzymes to acute liver failure, within a few weeks of initiating the supplement,” said Chawla.
These side effects often resolve when the supplement is discontinued. However, the symptoms can be severe while they persist, with jaundice, nausea, weakness, abdominal discomfort, and dark urine being among the most important red flags.
According to a 2023 study, liver injury caused by the ashwagandha herb is linked to cholestatic hepatitis. This can lead to acute-on-chronic liver failure syndrome, which has a high mortality rate among patients who already have liver disease.
Liver toxicity may arise from extracts containing higher concentrations than those normally used in traditional preparations like tonics or churn. Additionally, consuming doses that exceed the recommended amount could also lead to toxicity, According to a study published in Elsevier.
Also Read: Ashwagandha Is Healthy But Be Wary Of These 7 Side Effects of Its Overconsumption
Why Is This Happening Now?
“The herb itself isn’t new but the way we consume it has changed drastically. Traditional use of ashwagandha involved minimal processing, and small doses, and was often tailored by Ayurvedic practitioners. In contrast, today’s over-the-counter supplements are concentrated, mass-produced, and consumed without any medical supervision,” added Chawla.
Most of these products are not regulated, and what they say on the label is not always what they put in. There may be additives, contaminants, or variability in dosage. That uncertainty adds the risk of side effects, including liver.
Who’s at Higher Risk?
If you already have a pre-existing liver condition, take multiple medications, or are pregnant or breastfeeding, it’s best to avoid ashwagandha unless prescribed by a qualified doctor. People think of it as just herbal tea or vitamin, but if you’re on other drugs, especially those processed through the liver, as interactions can be dangerous.
Also Read: From Reducing Stress To Weight Management, Here Are Some Health Benefits Of Ashwagandha Milk
What About Short-Term Use?
“Consuming low-dose ashwagandha for the short term, especially under the guidance of a doctor or an Ayurvedic practitioner, is safe for healthy adults. It can potentially lower cortisol, ease anxiety, and even improve sleep quality,” said Chawla.
But the key lies in moderation and monitoring. Don't self-prescribe or assume more is merrier. If you notice any complications, such as yellowing of eyes, stomach upset, or overwhelming fatigue, stop taking it right away and get your liver enzymes checked.
Tips for Safe Use
- Consult your doctor, especially if you have any health conditions or are on medications.
- Choose a reputable brand that provides ingredient transparency and certifications.
- Begin with the minimum dose and don't mix it with other herbal supplements unless recommended.
- Avoid using it continuously without break or follow-up.
- Be aware of any abnormal symptoms and get early medical consultation.
Bottomline
Chawla concluded, “Ashwagandha can offer benefits, but it isn’t risk-free. Liver damage is a potential side effect, though rare, and is usually linked to overuse, poor-quality supplements, or individual health factors. In the wellness world, it’s easy to get swept up by trends. But when it comes to your health, a cautious, informed approach will always be more powerful than a miracle pill.”
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your professional if you are dealing with any health issue to avoid complications.]