Ignoring Constipation? You May Be Missing an Underlying Health Problem: Know When to Worry

Constipation is often dismissed as a minor digestive problem. Many people simply wait for it to settle, change their diet, or take a laxative when needed. Occasional constipation is usually not a cause for concern. But persistent or sudden changes in bowel habits should not always be ignored.

“Constipation can sometimes be linked to an underlying health condition, particularly when it is new, severe or accompanied by other symptoms. Knowing which warning signs to look out for can help you decide when it is time to speak to a doctor,” shares Dr Neeraj Dhamija, Surgical Gastroenterologist and Senior Consultant in Laparoscopic, Laser & General Surgery at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi.

 

 

 

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What Counts As Constipation?

Constipation does not simply mean having fewer bowel movements. It can also mean passing hard, dry stools, straining when using the toilet, feeling that the bowel has not emptied completely, or having difficulty passing stools.

There is no single number of bowel movements that is considered normal for everyone. What matters is a noticeable change from your usual pattern and whether passing stools has become difficult or uncomfortable.

Occasional constipation can happen because of changes in diet, not drinking enough fluids, reduced physical activity, travel, stress, or changes in routine.

Also Read: Change In Bowel Habits: Causes And When To See A Doctor

Types of Constipation and What They May Indicate

When Can Constipation Point To Another Problem?

Constipation that keeps returning or does not improve despite simple changes may need medical assessment.

According to a review published in the journal 'Gastroenterology', several health conditions can affect bowel movements. These include an underactive thyroid, diabetes, and certain neurological conditions. Problems affecting the muscles and nerves involved in bowel movements can also cause ongoing constipation.

Some medicines can cause constipation as a side effect. Common examples include certain strong painkillers, some medicines used for depression, and iron or calcium supplements.

In some cases, chronic constipation may occur because of a blockage or narrowing in the bowel.

Although this is not the most common cause, persistent changes in bowel habits should be checked, particularly when other warning signs are present.

Constipation And Bowel Cancer: What Should You Know?

According to a study published in the journal 'BMJ Open Gastroenterology', a change in bowel habits can occasionally be a symptom of bowel cancer. This does not mean that constipation automatically indicates cancer. Most people with constipation do not have bowel cancer.

However, persistent constipation or a new and unexplained change in bowel habits deserves attention, particularly in combination with other symptoms.

Warning signs can include blood in the stool, unexplained weight loss, ongoing abdominal pain, unusual tiredness or a change between constipation and diarrhoea.

The risk of bowel cancer generally increases with age, but younger adults can also develop it.

This is why persistent or unusual symptoms should not simply be blamed on diet or piles without proper assessment.

Also Read: What It Means To Feel Dizzy And Faint While Passing Stool

Blood In The Stool Should Not Be Ignored

Blood when passing stools can have several causes. Bright red blood may occur because of piles or an anal fissure, particularly after passing hard stools.

However, blood can also come from higher up in the digestive tract or be associated with bowel conditions that require treatment.

If you notice repeated bleeding, a large amount of blood, black or tar-like stools, or blood along with other changes in bowel habits, speak to a doctor.

Do not assume that bleeding is caused by constipation without getting it checked.

Unexplained Weight Loss Is Another Warning Sign

Losing weight without trying can have many causes. But when unexplained weight loss occurs alongside persistent constipation or other digestive symptoms, it should be assessed.

This is particularly important if you have also noticed reduced appetite, ongoing abdominal discomfort, blood in the stool, or unusual tiredness.

Severe Abdominal Pain Needs Attention

Mild bloating or discomfort can occur with constipation. Severe or worsening abdominal pain is different.

Constipation accompanied by intense abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, significant swelling of the abdomen, or an inability to pass stools or gas may indicate a bowel obstruction or another problem requiring urgent medical attention.

These symptoms should not be managed at home with repeated doses of laxatives.

When To See a Doctor?

You should seek medical advice if constipation:

• Keeps coming back or lasts for several weeks
• Starts suddenly without an obvious reason
• Is accompanied by blood in the stool
• Occurs with unexplained weight loss
• Comes with persistent abdominal pain or swelling
• Is associated with ongoing tiredness
• Alternates with diarrhoea or a major change in your usual bowel pattern
• Does not improve despite changes to your diet, fluid intake and activity

People with a strong family history of bowel cancer or bowel disease should also discuss persistent changes in bowel habits with their doctor.

What Can You Do About Ordinary Constipation?

According to a review article published in the journal 'Internal Medicine', if there are no warning signs, simple lifestyle changes may help.

• Eating enough fibre from vegetables, fruit, wholegrains and other plant foods can support regular bowel movements.
• Drinking adequate fluids and staying physically active can also help.
• It is also important not to repeatedly ignore the urge to pass stools.
• Giving yourself enough time and maintaining a regular toilet routine may make bowel movements easier.
• Laxatives can be useful for some people, but they should not become a long-term solution without medical advice.

Final Word

Constipation is common and is often caused by simple changes in diet, fluids, activity or routine. But persistent or unexplained constipation should not always be brushed aside. Blood in the stool, unexplained weight loss, severe abdominal pain, repeated vomiting and significant changes in bowel habits are important warning signs. Recognising these symptoms early and seeking medical advice can help identify the underlying cause and ensure that serious conditions are not overlooked.