Both having an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) or an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can impact health. While hypothyroidism can lead to fatigue, weight gain, difficulty tolerating colds, dry skin, and a slowed heart rate, hyperthyroidism can cause symptoms such as weight loss, rapid or irregular heartbeat, nervousness, shaky hands, sweating, and more.
Depending on the type and severity of thyroid disorder you have, your doctor is likely to recommend management tips and medications. However, for those who are prescribed medications, there are various factors to consider to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Also Read: Thyroid: Expert Explains Why Women Are More Prone To It
Who Needs Thyroid Medication?
Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Vikrant Gosavi, Consultant - Endocrinology, Manipal Hospital, Baner, Pune, says, "A minority of the population [more so in women] who have an under- or over-functioning thyroid gland [usually hypothyroidism] need thyroid medications to normalise their blood thyroid hormone levels."
According to the UK National Health Service (NHS), hypothyroidism is usually treated with daily hormone replacement tablets called levothyroxine, which replaces the thyroxine hormone that your thyroid is unable to make enough of.
On the other hand, hyperthyroidism is treated with antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, beta blockers, and surgery, as per the Cleveland Clinic.
Based on the condition you're suffering from and the severity of the illness, your doctor can help determine a course of action.
What Is The Recommended Time To Take Thyroid Medication?
“Thyroxine tablets given for hypothyroidism must be taken first thing after waking up on an empty stomach with some plain water,” advises Dr Gosavi, adding, “One must thereafter stay on an on an empty stomach for a further duration of 60 minutes to allow the ‘thyroxine’ hormone within the tablet to get easily absorbed into the bloodstream.”
He shares:
“Because the thyroxine contained within these tablets requires an empty stomach for its absorption, and the presence of any food or drink in the stomach will hinder this. Our body's thyroid hormone production naturally peaks in the morning, and by taking the tablet in the morning, we are trying to mimic this. Therefore, you take the tablet after waking up when your stomach is empty and then maintain that state for another hour to allow the process of absorption to take place while you can do your morning routine.”
He also notes that for medications given for hyperthyroidism, they can be taken before or after food, and the dose and frequency of their consumption will be guided by the endocrinologist.
Common Mistakes People Make While Taking Thyroid Medications
Here are some common mistakes people make when taking thyroid medications and what people should do instead:
- Avoid taking any beverage other than plain water with the thyroxine tablet.
- Use water that is at room temperature and not very warm or slightly hot.
- Be disciplined about staying empty-stomach for 60 minutes after consuming the tablet.
- Take the tablet daily and carry the medicine everywhere you travel to never miss a single dose.
Dr Gosavi says, “If someone misses taking the tablet one day, then two tablets can be taken on the next day to maintain the cumulative dose; however, this cannot be carried forward in the form of three tablets when two consecutive doses are missed.”
In addition, speak to your doctor if you’re taking any other medicine on an empty stomach in the morning, as some medications might interact with the thyroxine tablet.
Also Read: Managing Thyroid Health With Diet: Expert Explains How Diet Can Help Optimise Your Thyroid Health
Can You Stop Taking The Medication Once You Feel Better?
The short answer is no, says Dr Gosavi.
"Thyroid medications—both thyroxine tablets and medications for hyperthyroidism—should be taken under the guidance of an experienced endocrine physician and should never be stopped or increased without medical advice," he says.
He adds, "These conditions require ongoing treatment to maintain hormone levels within a normal range. Stopping medication abruptly can lead to a recurrence or worsening of the condition. As and when your thyroid condition improves, this will be picked up by your endocrinologist after examining your lab reports, and your medications will be lowered or stopped accordingly. Those who require to take thyroxine permanently should make it a part of their daily routine and inculcate a discipline about it so that the number of blood tests and doctor’s visits required are less and you can lead a healthy life."