Why Do Women Go Through Postnatal Anxiety After Child Birth? These Are The Major Symptoms

Pregnancy, childbirth, and the early days of childcare are undeniably a beautiful period for new parents. However, this transformative journey can also take a toll on mental health. While postpartum depression is a well-known condition that affects many new mothers, there's another concern that often goes undiscussed – postnatal anxiety or postpartum anxiety. Recognizing the symptoms and understanding why women go through postnatal anxiety is crucial for providing the necessary support during this challenging period.

The Two Faces of Maternal Anxiety: Perinatal and Postnatal Anxiety

Maternal anxiety comes in two forms, perinatal anxiety and postnatal anxiety. Perinatal anxiety starts during pregnancy and persists until labour day, potentially spanning the entire gestation period. On the other hand, postnatal anxiety surfaces after childbirth and may persist for weeks or even longer.

Symptoms mirroring Postpartum Depression

As per Dr Fabian Almeida, Consultant Psychiatrist, Fortis Hospital, Kalyan, the symptoms of postnatal anxiety closely resemble those of postpartum depression, contributing to a complex mental landscape for new mothers. Intense mood changes are not uncommon as hormones readjust to the absence of a growing fetus. For some, these mood swings can be exceptionally intense, extending beyond the initial weeks into a prolonged struggle. Identifying a mother's mental state is vital, as persistent anxiety and depression can impact her bond with the newborn. Like postpartum depression, postnatal anxiety demands attention and treatment when it lingers.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Postnatal Anxiety

Anxiety manifests itself both mentally and physically, and postnatal anxiety is no exception. The body's innate response to perceived danger or threat, commonly known as the fight-or-flight mode, triggers various mental and physical symptoms. Recognizing these signs is the first step towards seeking the necessary help and ensuring a healthier maternal experience.

Physical Symptoms of Postnatal Anxiety:

• Poor Sleep: Disrupted sleep patterns can be a prevalent physical manifestation of postnatal anxiety.
• Loss of Appetite: A diminished desire for food is a common symptom, impacting the mother's overall well-being.
• Restlessness: Inability to sit still, constant fidgeting, and heightened physical activity.
• Gastrointestinal Issues: Stomach pain and nausea may accompany postnatal anxiety.
• Increased Heart Rate: Palpitations and an elevated heart rate are physical responses to heightened anxiety.
• Breathlessness: Feeling breathless or experiencing difficulty in breathing is not uncommon.
• Muscular Tension: Physical tension and muscle tightness are often reported symptoms.

Emotional Symptoms of Postnatal Anxiety:

• Constant Irritation: Overwhelming feelings of irritation and frustration.
• Inability to Relax: Persistent difficulty in relaxing or finding moments of peace.
• Dread or Doom: A looming sense of dread or impending doom.
• Forgetfulness: Difficulty in focusing, forgetfulness, and being easily distracted.
• Worry and Fear: Excessive worry and fear, often centred around irrational concerns.
• Obsessive Thoughts: Fixating on unnecessary worries and thoughts.

Navigating Treatment for Postnatal Anxiety

Recognizing the severity of postnatal anxiety is crucial in determining the appropriate course of treatment. Tailoring interventions based on individual history and the intensity of the anxiety condition is key. Various treatment options exist, ranging from emotional and practical support to psychological and medical interventions.

Support Counselling

Support counselling, whether individual or group-based, provides a non-judgmental space for mothers to express their thoughts and feelings. This form of therapy helps develop coping strategies, addressing challenges that contribute to anxiety.

Psychological Treatments

Two main psychological treatments—Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)—offer effective solutions for mild to moderate postnatal anxiety. CBT targets thought patterns and behaviours, challenging irrational thinking and promoting objective perspectives. IPT, on the other hand, focuses on interpersonal tensions, losses, and conflicts that contribute to anxiety.

Also Read:  Expert Talk: 6 Ways To Deal With Postpartum Depression

Medical Treatments

In cases of moderate to severe postnatal anxiety, medications can be a valuable resource. Antidepressants, particularly Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), are commonly prescribed. These medications are safe for breastfeeding mothers and can take up to three weeks to show effects.

Benzodiazepines, a class of medication providing faster relief, may be considered for severe cases and panic attacks. However, these medications are prescribed for short durations due to their addictive nature.

Seeking Help Early: A Path to Recovery

The decision to seek professional help for postnatal anxiety is a proactive step towards recovery. Early intervention is essential, especially when managing the demands of a new baby. While medication might raise concerns, weighing the benefits against potential drawbacks is crucial. Professional help ensures faster recovery, offering mothers the resources to effectively manage anxiety and create a positive environment for both themselves and their infants. Remember, the faster you seek help for anxiety, the faster you can embark on the journey to recovery.

[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by a registered healthcare professional and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your expert for a treatment plan tailored to your medical history and needs.]