Laryngitis is a vocal cord inflammation that causes hoarseness or loss of voice. Laryngitis is a less common but equally unpleasant condition that belongs under the category of laryngeal diseases.
According to WebMd, laryngitis is usually not a major issue. It should fade away in three weeks if the proper medication is used. However, it can sometimes persist for a long time and become chronic.
What is Laryngitis?
Laryngitis affects people who extensively use their vocal cords, such as singers, actors, and public speakers. Laryngitis generally refers to inflammation of the entire larynx, laryngitis is more focused, targeting specific layers of the vocal cords.
This condition can result from overuse, misuse, or abuse of the voice, often accompanied by inadequate vocal rest. These signs and symptoms frequently indicate inflammation of the voice box and the airway beneath it. The majority of episodes of laryngitis are transient, and patients recover after the underlying reason recovers. According to Dr M N Shankar, Senior Consultant, ENT/ Otorhinolaryngology, Fortis Malar Hospital, the following are the primary causes of both acute and chronic laryngitis:
- Viral infection of the vocal strain
- Infections caused by bacteria
- Gastric Issues
- Chemical fumes or smoke inhalation
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Chronic sinusitis
What Are The Different Causes of Laryngitis
Overuse of the Vocal Cords
Laryngitis is frequently associated with the excessive use of the voice without proper breaks or rest periods. People engaged in professions that require prolonged periods of speaking or singing are more susceptible to this condition.
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Incorrect Vocal Technique
Poor singing or speaking techniques can strain the vocal cords, leading to Laryngitis. Improper breathing, incorrect pitch, and excessive tension in the throat can contribute to the development of this condition.
Other Environmental Factors
Irritants such as smoke, pollution, or dry air can irritate and inflame the vocal cords, raising the risk of Laryngitis.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
GERD, a condition where stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, can also affect the vocal cords. The reflux of acid can cause irritation and inflammation, leading to Laryngitis.
Symptoms of Laryngitis
Hoarseness
Hoarseness or a rough, raspy voice is a hallmark symptom of Laryngitis. The vocal cord inflammation affects their ability to vibrate smoothly, resulting in changes to the quality of the voice.
Sore Throat
People with Laryngitis often experience throat discomfort or a sensation of scratchiness. This is due to the inflammation and irritation of the vocal cords.
Difficulty Swallowing
In some cases, laryngitis can cause difficulty swallowing or a feeling of a lump in the throat, known as globus sensation.
Fatigue and Weakness
Prolonged strain on the vocal cords can lead to fatigue and weakness in the voice, making it challenging to sustain normal speech or singing.
Treatment Options Available
Vocal Rest
One of the primary treatments for Laryngitis is vocal rest. Giving the vocal cords a break allows them to heal and reduces further irritation.
Hydration
Drinking water is important for maintaining vocal cord health. Drinking plenty of water helps keep the vocal cords lubricated and minimises irritation.
Speech Therapy
In some cases, speech therapy may be recommended to address improper vocal techniques and habits that contribute to Laryngitis.
Medication
If Laryngitis is associated with GERD, medicine to reduce stomach acid may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms and prevent further irritation of the vocal cords.
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Laryngitis may not be as well known as general laryngitis, but it can be a major issue for those whose livelihoods rely on a good voice. The origin, symptoms, and treatment options for Laryngitis is critical for those who are at risk and those who want to maintain optimal vocal health.
If symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to see a doctor or a laryngologist for a thorough evaluation and individualised treatment plan.