Every month, millions of women experience a rollercoaster of emotions and physical changes during their menstrual cycle. One of the lesser-known yet impactful aspects is the pain that can extend beyond the abdominal region is joint pain. Oestrogen and progesterone, the primary hormones regulating the menstrual cycle, fluctuate throughout the month. These hormonal shifts can lead to changes in the body's inflammatory responses, affecting joints and leading to discomfort.
We spoke to our expert Dr Sowmya Raghavan, Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Apollo Cradle and Children’s Hospital, Chennai, who explained the reasons behind joint pain during periods, its risk factors, complications, and how to manage it.
Causes of Joint Pain During Periods
Here's why you may be dealing with joint pain during your periods, as listed by Dr Raghavan:
- As oestrogen levels drop in the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, inflammation can increase, potentially affecting joints.
- Women may experience joint pain due to the prostaglandins, hormone-like substances involved in the menstrual process, which may increase sensitivity and pain in the joint.
- Some women experience fluid retention during their periods, which can put pressure on joints and exacerbate discomfort.
- Pelvic pain associated with menstruation can radiate to nearby joints, causing additional soreness.
- Women with conditions like endometriosis or Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) may be more prone to joint pain during periods.
- Inadequate intake of nutrients like calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D can affect bone and joint health, intensifying pain during periods.
- A family history of joint issues or autoimmune conditions can contributeto menstrual-related joint pain.
- Being overweight and lack of physical activity can weaken joints, exacerbating pain during periods.
According to a 2023 study, many girls and women experience period pain of differing severity at certain times during their menstrual cycle. For some, the pain is debilitating enough to hinder their regular activities, such as attending work or school, for one to three days each month.
Also Read: Menstruation Diet: Expert Explains Impact Of Cold Food On Your Body During Periods
How Long Does The Pain Last?
“The most common question asked is, "How long does joint pain persist during periods?" The duration varies from person to person. For some, it may last only a few days with the prostaglandin level steadily decreasing during periods, while others may experience discomfort throughout their menstrual cycle”, highlighted Dr Raghavan. Although menstrual-related joint pain is often temporary and manageable, individuals should consult a doctor if the pain is persistent and severe.
What Are The Complications?
- Complications may include severe joint pain that can interfere with daily activities and reduce mobility.
- Prolonged inflammation in joints may lead to long-term joint damage.
- Chronic pain can also contribute to anxiety, depression, and mood disturbances. Ignoring these symptoms could also delay diagnosis and treatment of underlying conditions like arthritis or endometriosis.
Management Strategies For Joint Pain During Periods
Dr Raghavan listed some management strategies that you must follow to alleviate the pain and discomfort:
- Engage in low-impact exercises like yoga, swimming, or walking to improve joint flexibility and reduce pain.
- Applying a heating pad or taking warm baths can soothe achy joints and muscles.
- Maintain a diet rich in calcium, magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants to support joint health.
- Over-the-counter pain relievers or topical creams can alleviate joint discomfort during periods.
- In cases of severe pain or hormonal imbalances, hormonal therapies prescribed by a medical expert may offer relief.
- Practice relaxation techniques, such as meditation, deep breathing, or massage to reduce stress-related joint pain.
Bottomline
Dr Raghavan concluded While joint pain during periods is a common yet often overlooked phenomenon, understanding its causes, risk factors, complications, and effective management strategies is crucial for individuals experiencing this discomfort. Consulting a doctor and regularly following the exercises and other pain management strategies can help in providing relief against the discomfort caused due to joint pain.
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your expert if you notice any complications to get the necessary treatment.]