Different women have distinct menstrual experiences. Typically, the menstrual cycle ranges from 21 to 35 days, with an average cycle lasting about 28 days. Additionally, the menstrual flow can vary significantly among women; some may experience heavy periods, while others have light menstrual bleeding. This menstrual flow variation can also change from month to month. Many, therefore, question whether a light period is a cause for concern or a normal occurrence. To clarify these concerns, we spoke to an expert who provided insights into them.
Also Read: How Menstrual Symptoms Change In Your 20s, 30s, And 40s
Is Having A Light Period Normal?
According to the Office on Women's Health, the average woman loses about 2–3 tablespoons of blood during her period. However, the period can be lighter or heavier than the average amount.
Dr N Sapna Lulla, Lead Consultant - Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, says, "It is common for women to experience a light period at some point during their menstrual cycle."
She explains, "A light period can be caused by various factors such as hormonal changes, stress, diet, or even certain medications. It is important to note that what is considered "normal" can vary from person to person, as every individual's menstrual cycle is unique."
What Are The Possible Causes Of Light Period?
Light periods can be caused by various factors, with stress or hormonal imbalances as well as sudden or rapid weight loss/gain as primary causes, says Dr Rekha Sukala, Consultant - Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Motherhood Hospitals, Sarjapur, Bengaluru.
When asked if light periods are a cause for concern, she says that they are normally not concerning unless caused by certain health issues, such as thyroid disorders or diabetes.
Some other factors that can lead to light periods include:
Adolescence: Girls who may have just started menstruating may experience lighter periods as their bodies adjust to hormonal fluctuations.
Chronic illnesses: Certain chronic illnesses can cause light periods.
Birth control: Intrauterine devices or birth control pills can lead to lighter or irregular periods.
Anaemia: A condition characterised by a lack of red blood cells or haemoglobin that can contribute to lighter or shorter menstrual periods. This is because the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood can impact normal menstrual bleeding.
When Is It Concerning?
According to Dr Sukala, light periods become a cause for concern if they are persistent or if they are accompanied by other symptoms, such as headaches or dizziness.
She notes that if there are sudden changes in menstrual flow (which could include the change to light periods), it could be a cause for an underlying health concern if there is no visible factor leading to light periods, such as contraceptive pills or intrauterine devices.
Similarly, nutritional deficiencies, such as low body weight or eating disorders, can impact menstrual cycles, leading to lighter periods, she adds.
Dr Lulla further highlights that a light period could also be a sign of perimenopause, the transitional phase before menopause. “During this time, women may experience irregular periods, including lighter or heavier flows,” she says.
Also Read: Menstrual Health: Expert Decodes 5 Menstrual Disorders
How To Approach It?
Before anything else, it is important for women to be aware of the potential causes of a light period and to seek doctor advice if they have concerns, advises Dr Lulla, adding that by addressing any underlying health issues or lifestyle factors that may be contributing to a light period, women can ensure their reproductive health and overall well-being.
For those who experience discomfort or pain during their light period, the doctor recommends taking Over-the-Counter (OTC) pain medication. “It is also recommended to stay hydrated, eat a balanced diet, and engage in light physical activities to help alleviate any symptoms,” Dr Lulla adds.
In conclusion, Dr Sukula says, “Medical experts may recommend hormonal therapy or lifestyle changes after a thorough examination of the medical history of the individual as well as diagnostic tests (such as pelvic ultrasounds or blood tests) and physical exams (lifestyle, stress levels, diet, exercise, etc.). Medical experts may also advise fertility treatments or, in the case of polyps or uterine fibroids, surgical intervention.”