Menstruation is a normal part of a female reproductive system. It is commonly referred to as a period and occurs as a result of the shedding of the uterine lining (endometrium). During the menstrual cycle, which typically lasts about 28 days but can vary among individuals, hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone regulate the reproductive system, leading to various symptoms. Interestingly, menstrual symptoms can change with age. In an interaction with the OnlyMyHealth, Dr Shreya Gupta, Consultant, Birla Fertility and IVF, Lucknow, shares a general overview of how menstrual symptoms may change in your 20s, 30s, and 40s.
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How Menstrual Symptoms Change With Age
“Menstrual symptoms can vary throughout a person's life, influenced by factors such as age, hormonal changes, and overall health,” said Dr Gupta. It mainly happens due to changing hormone levels. Menopause is the most visible sign of ageing, which is when periods completely stop. To help us understand better, Dr Gupta provides a detailed understanding of how menstrual symptoms change over the years.
In Your 20s
Regular Menstrual Cycles
Many individuals experience more regular menstrual cycles during their 20s, with predictable cycle lengths and consistent bleeding patterns.
Mild to Moderate Cramping
Menstrual cramps may be present but are often milder compared to teenage years. Over-the-counter pain relievers can usually alleviate discomfort.
Consistent Flow
Menstrual flow tends to be moderate, with the average length of bleeding lasting between 3-5 days.
Hormonal Fluctuations
Hormone levels, particularly oestrogen and progesterone, are generally balanced during this phase of life, resulting in fewer drastic mood swings or emotional fluctuations.
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In Your 30s
Changes in Cycle Regularity
Some individuals may experience slight variations in cycle regularity, with occasional longer or shorter cycles. This can be attributed to hormonal shifts as the body approaches the later reproductive years.
Intensified PMS Symptoms
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms, such as bloating, breast tenderness, mood swings, and irritability, may become more pronounced for some individuals.
Heavier or Lighter Flow
Menstrual flow can vary, with some individuals experiencing heavier bleeding and others noticing lighter flow.
Increase in Painful Periods
Menstrual cramps may become more intense and painful in some individuals, requiring stronger pain relief measures.
In Your 40s
Irregular Cycles
Perimenopause, the transitional phase leading up to menopause, typically occurs in the 40s. Menstrual cycles may become irregular, with missed periods, longer or shorter cycles, and unpredictable bleeding patterns.
Worsening PMS Symptoms
PMS symptoms can intensify during perimenopause due to hormonal fluctuations. Symptoms such as mood swings, fatigue, and bloating may become more severe.
Changes in Flow
Menstrual flow may vary, with some individuals experiencing heavier or more prolonged bleeding, while others may have lighter flow or shorter periods.
Increased Menstrual Pain
Menstrual cramps can become more intense and persistent for some individuals during perimenopause.
Other symptoms of perimenopause include hot flashes, night sweats, and changes in libido.
Conclusion
Every individual's experience with menstrual symptoms and the ageing process is unique. While some may have more severe symptoms at a younger age, others may experience milder symptoms throughout their reproductive years. If you have any concerns about your menstrual symptoms or the changes you're experiencing, speak with a gynaecologist or a healthcare provider for proper guidance.