How to Prevent Cardiac Risks During Pregnancy: Expert Shares Strategies to Keep Heart Risks At Bay

Pregnancy is one of the most beautiful yet challenging phases of a woman’s life. While the focus often remains on the baby’s growth, a mother’s heart health also demands attention. The body goes through massive hormonal and physical changes, which place extra stress on the cardiovascular system. For some women, this stress can increase the chances of heart complications. Knowing the risks and taking preventive steps early can make pregnancy safer for both mother and child.

Why Heart Health Matters in Pregnancy

According to Dr Poornima Ramakrishna, Senior Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist at Apollo Cradle and Children’s Hospital, Bangalore - Jayanagar, pregnancy puts enormous pressure on the heart and blood vessels. She explains: “A woman’s cardiovascular system faces tremendous stress during pregnancy because of the several hormonal and physical changes her body undergoes. Women with hypertension, diabetes, or obesity face higher risks of cardiac problems. Even women with no history of heart disease can develop gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.”

These complications not only endanger the mother but also affect the unborn child. This is why taking cardiac health seriously during pregnancy is essential.

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The Role of Early Screening

The first step toward prevention is timely medical screening. Dr Ramakrishna stresses the importance of regular checkups:

• Blood pressure monitoring
• Blood sugar testing
• Early detection of gestational hypertension or diabetes
• She adds, “Checkups before conception and during early pregnancy are very important. The postpartum period also requires equal attention because some heart conditions develop or worsen after delivery.”

By staying ahead with screenings, many risks can be managed before they turn severe.

Lifestyle Habits That Support Heart Health

Lifestyle plays a major role in reducing heart risks. Simple, consistent changes can strengthen the heart and improve overall well-being. Dr Ramakrishna suggests focusing on these habits:

• Eat a heart-healthy diet: Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. This helps manage blood pressure and weight.
• Stay active safely: Engage in doctor-approved exercises. Walking, swimming, and light workouts boost circulation.
• Try prenatal yoga: Gentle yoga and mindfulness techniques help reduce stress and calm the mind.
• Maintain a healthy weight: Managing weight gain through balanced nutrition supports heart health.
• These small adjustments can make a big difference when practised consistently.

A study published in the American Heart Association Journal found that pregnant women who followed regular cardiovascular health check-ups and adopted heart-healthy habits had significantly lower rates of complications such as gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. The study emphasises that maintaining good heart health before, during, and after pregnancy improves outcomes for both mothers and babies.

When to Seek Immediate Help

Not all symptoms during pregnancy should be brushed aside as “normal.” Some could indicate heart complications. Dr Ramakrishna advises seeking urgent medical care if you experience:

• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Extreme fatigue
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat

She says, “Do not delay medical attention. Timely care can save both the mother and the baby.”

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The Takeaway

Pregnancy is a journey where the mother’s health is just as important as the baby’s. By combining early screenings with healthy lifestyle habits, women can greatly reduce their risk of heart problems. Listening to your body and consulting a doctor at the first sign of unusual symptoms can go a long way in ensuring a safe pregnancy and a healthier future for both mother and child.