Pregnancy is a beautiful journey, but it comes with its share of risks and challenges. Understanding the most common complications and taking proactive steps to mitigate them can significantly enhance the health outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
We spoke to our expert Ms Rekha Kumari, Associate Professor, HOD, Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Sharda School of Nursing Science and Research - Sharda University to shed some light on understanding and reducing the risk of common pregnancy and complications. Here is what she shared with us.
Risk of Common Pregnancy Complications
Here's a comprehensive guide on the most prevalent pregnancy complications and how to reduce their risks:
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1. Gestational Diabetes
This condition, characterised by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy, poses risks such as the need for a C-section, large baby size, premature birth, and future development of type 2 diabetes. To reduce the risk, achieving a healthy weight before pregnancy is crucial. Additionally, maintaining a balanced diet and regular exercise regimen throughout pregnancy can help manage blood sugar levels.
2. Hypertension
High blood pressure during pregnancy can lead to serious complications like preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. Managing weight, adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and frequent prenatal check-ups are effective strategies for reducing hypertension risk. Monitoring blood pressure regularly and seeking medical attention for any abnormalities is vital.
3. Obesity and Weight Gain
Obesity prior to pregnancy increases the likelihood of various complications. Attaining a healthy weight before conception significantly reduces these risks. A combination of healthy eating habits and regular physical activity throughout pregnancy can help manage weight gain and minimise associated complications.
Also Read: Why Avocados Are a Diabetic's Best Friend: Know From Our Expert
4. Anaemia
Low red blood cell count can result in fatigue and other health issues for both mother and baby. Consuming a diet rich in iron and folic acid, along with prenatal supplements as prescribed by healthcare providers, can prevent and manage anaemia during pregnancy.
5. Infections
Certain infections can harm both the mother and the baby. Practising good hygiene, avoiding risky behaviours, and getting vaccinated before pregnancy can prevent the transmission of infections. Regular prenatal check-ups should include screening for infections, enabling early detection and treatment if necessary.
6. Cardiac Diseases
Pregnancy puts additional strain on the heart and blood vessels, potentially exacerbating existing cardiac conditions. Close monitoring by healthcare providers and adherence to treatment plans are essential for managing cardiac health during pregnancy. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, is crucial.
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7. Haemorrhage or Subchorionic Hematoma
Bleeding during pregnancy can indicate serious complications such as placental abruption. Avoiding smoking, managing blood pressure, and seeking prompt medical attention for any signs of bleeding or cramping are essential preventive measures.
8. Preeclampsia
Characterised by high blood pressure and organ dysfunction, preeclampsia can have serious consequences for both mother and baby. While prevention methods are not foolproof, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular prenatal care, and adherence to medical advice can reduce the risk.
A Final Word
Prioritising preconception health, adopting healthy lifestyle habits, and seeking regular prenatal care are essential steps in reducing the risk of common pregnancy complications. Early detection and prompt treatment play a critical role in managing complications should they arise. By taking proactive measures, expecting mothers can optimise their health and ensure a smoother pregnancy journey.