Several factors can influence your vaginal health, and one of the most common is the changes that happen throughout the menstrual cycle. Particularly during the premenstrual phase, also known as the luteal phase, some women report experiencing vaginal infections, like yeast infections, that can be discomforting.
Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Kajal Singh, Associate Professor, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, NIIMS Medical College and Hospital, Noida, discusses infections that occur just before one's menstruation and explains why it tends to occur. Additionally, she notes how they may sometimes be mistaken for PMS.
Also Read: Why You Feel Weighed Down Before Your Period: Management Tips For Premenstrual Fatigue
How Premenstrual Changes Affect Vaginal Health
Dr Singh explains that during Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), the drop in oestrogen levels before your period causes your vaginal pH to rise, making it less acidic. This shift creates an environment where harmful bacteria or yeast can thrive more easily, increasing the risk of infections like bacterial vaginosis or yeast infections.
Lower oestrogen can also lead to temporary vaginal dryness, which may cause itching, discomfort, or irritation, especially in women sensitive to hormonal changes.
Additionally, as progesterone rises and oestrogen falls during the luteal phase (after ovulation but before your period), vaginal discharge often becomes thicker, creamier, or sticky. While this change is normal, it can feel different from your usual discharge.
Vaginal Infections Before Periods: Why It Happens
PMS itself doesn’t cause a vaginal infection but can mimic one. However, the rise in vaginal pH during PMS can create conditions that increase the risk of infections, like bacterial vaginosis or yeast infections.
According to Dr Singh, both PMS and infections can cause changes in the amount, colour, and consistency of vaginal discharge. Some infections, like yeast infections, can cause itching and irritation in the vaginal area. This can also be a PMS symptom. “Menstrual cramps, a common PMS symptom, can be similar to the pain associated with certain vaginal infections. PMS is known for mood swings, while some infections can also cause irritability and fatigue,” Dr Singh explains.
Also Read: Neha Bhasin Opens Up About Struggle With Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Symptoms To Look Out For
When To See A Doctor?
While pre-menstruation-related vaginal infections are normal and resolve on their own, there are a few red flags to consider:
- Change in colour of vaginal discharge: green, grey, or yellowish
- Foul or strong odour
- Thicker or frothier than usual
- Accompanied by itching, burning, or irritation
Management tips include:
- Lifestyle and Non-Pharmacological Interventions
- Dietary modifications: Reducing intake of caffeine, alcohol, and refined sugars.
- Regular physical activity: Engaging in aerobic exercises can alleviate symptoms.
- Stress management techniques: Practices like yoga and mindfulness can be beneficial.
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): Effective for addressing psychological symptoms.
Conclusion
PMS can sometimes feel like a vaginal infection, but it’s usually just your hormones at play. That said, the hormonal changes before your period can make you more prone to real infections. If you notice an unusual discharge, a strong smell, or persistent itching, it’s best to check with a doctor. Staying active, managing stress, and eating well can help keep things in balance.