A sudden rise in vaginal discharge might be alarming, but it usually occurs as a reaction to changes in hormones or underlying medical conditions. Vaginal discharge is a natural function of a woman's reproductive system that keeps the vagina clean and infection-free. However, any noticeable change in its quantity, colour, or smell could signify a medical problem.
To shed light on this topic, we spoke to Dr Sangita Gandhi, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Jupiter Hospital, Thane, who shared insights into what might be causing this change and when to seek medical advice.
Causes Of Sudden Rise In Vaginal Discharge
1. Hormonal Fluctuations
"Changes in hormone levels, particularly estrogen, can lead to increased vaginal discharge. This commonly occurs during ovulation, pregnancy, or menopause. Hormonal birth control can also alter discharge patterns," said Dr Gandhi.
2. Infections
Infections are one of the most common causes of an unexpected increase in vaginal discharge. The nature and colour of the discharge may give clues to the infection:
- Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Due to a disruption in the vaginal bacteria, BV usually results in a thin, greyish-white discharge with a characteristic fishy smell.
- Yeast Infections: Fungal overgrowth, generally Candida, causes thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge, along with severe itching and irritation.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Abnormal discharge can be caused by conditions, such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and trichomoniasis. Chlamydia and gonorrhoea can lead to yellow or greenish discharge, whereas trichomoniasis can cause frothy, greenish-yellow discharge with a pungent odour.
3. Sexual Activity
Sexual intercourse may cause increased discharge due to normal lubrication. According to a 2019 study, sexual arousal leads to the secretion of fluid by the Bartholin glands, which are found close to the opening of the vagina. Unprotected sex might also add bacteria, thus enhancing the likelihood of infection and discharge changes.
4. Stress and Lifestyle Factors
Did you know stress and lifestyle factors play a significant role in vaginal health? "Long-term stress may influence hormone equilibrium, potentially elevating or modifying discharge frequency. Other lifestyle components that could lead to alterations in vaginal discharge are hygiene, nutrition, and use of antibiotics," added Dr Gandhi.
5. Cervical or Uterine Conditions
In rare cases, abnormal vaginal discharge may be caused by conditions of the cervix or uterus:
- Cervical Polyps: Benign growths on the cervix can lead to excess discharge, usually with spotting.
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): A severe infection of the reproductive system, PID can lead to excess discharge, pain, fever, and abnormal bleeding.
- Cervical Cancer: In some instances, an increase in watery, bloody, or odorous discharge can be an early symptom of cervical cancer.
When to See a Doctor?
Although most changes in vaginal discharge are harmless, some symptoms must not be taken lightly. Consult your doctor if you notice:
- A strong, foul, or fishy smell
- Abnormal colour changes (yellow, green, or grey)
- Thick, clumpy, or frothy consistency
- Itching, burning, or irritation in the vagina
- Painful urination or sex
- Pelvic pain or fever
Dr Gandhi points out that early detection and treatment will help avoid complications. "Discharge from the vagina is a key indicator of reproductive health. If you have sudden or unexpected changes, visit a doctor to detect the cause and provide timely intervention," she concluded.
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your professional if you are dealing with any health issue to avoid complications.]