Yeast infection, also known as vaginal candidiasis, is a fungal infection that often leads to irritation, discharge, and intense itchiness in the vagina and the vulva. More women suffer from it, with 75% of the female population developing the infection at least once in their lifetime, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
In a study published in the BMC Women's Health, researchers even concluded that nearly all of the females (97.1%) had a candida infection compared to only 2.9% of the males.
But how does a yeast infection occur in the first place? Can it spread through sexual activity? Is it treatable or prevented? Here’s what an expert tells us.
What Causes A Yeast Infection?
Yeast is a fungus typically present on human skin, in your digestive system, and around the vaginal area of women. When there's an overgrowth of yeast on the skin or other tissues, it can result in an infection called candidiasis.
Discussing the causes of yeast infection, Dr Archana Dhawan Bajaj, Gynaecologist, Obstetricianm and IVF Expert, Nurture IVF Clinic, New Delhi, says that it can be caused by several factors, including:
- Skin damage
- Warm, humid environments
- Weak immune systems
- Antibiotic usage: this is because antibiotics destroy the good bacteria in your body that ordinarily maintain the equilibrium of yeast.
- Type 1 or type 2 diabetes
Can Yeast Infection Spread Through Sex?
Yeast infections are not classified as Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) as they may occur without having intercourse, says Dr Bajaj.
However, yeast infection might be transmitted through a sexual relationship, the doctor adds, sharing that using dental dams and condoms can help stop the spread of yeast infections during anal, oral, or vaginal intercourse.
Additionally, seeking a diagnosis and treatment from a healthcare expert is advised for anybody who believes they may have a yeast infection.
“Prescription drugs such as oral pills or antifungal lotions are often given. Treatment options for symptoms include dietary modifications, avoiding triggers, and practising excellent hygiene. Other possible benefits include probiotics and safe sexual behaviour,” advises Dr Bajaj, adding that a conversation with a healthcare professional to address underlying concerns should be prompted by recurring infections.
Also Read: What Are Sexually Transmitted Infections? STIs Explained
How To Prevent Yeast Infection?
Here are some ways to prevent a yeast infection from occurring in the first place:
- Wear cotton underpants, as they help keep you dry and don't hold in warmth and moisture.
- Always wipe from the front to the back after using the restroom.
- Skip the hot tubs and very hot baths.
- Take care of your blood sugar levels if you have diabetes.
- Refrain from douches; the natural bacteria in your vagina that guards against infection is partially removed by douching.
- Tampons, pads, sprays, bubble baths, and other scented feminine items should not be used.
- Replenish pads, tampons, and underwear frequently.
- Wearing pantyhose, jeans, trousers, or tight underwear is not advised as they may raise body temperature and moisture levels in your vaginal area.
Bottomline
Unfortunately, yeast infections can spread through sex, and therefore, certain measures need to be taken to prevent them. While it isn’t an STI, if you suspect a yeast infection, it is best to refrain from sexual intercourse until your infection clears up. Speak with your healthcare provider for proper management tips and ways to curb the spread.