For many, this advanced form of cancer, which extends beyond the breast to other organs, requires a holistic approach to treatment, one that aims not only to control the disease but to foster quality of life. We spoke to Dr Shyam Agrawal, Medical Oncologist, Navodaya Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Bhopal, who explained the importance of a comprehensive approach that balances effective treatment with quality of life considerations.
Breast cancer has emerged as the most common type of cancer among women in India. As per the current statistics every four minutes, a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer in India, and many of these diagnoses are at an advanced stage.
What is Metastatic Breast Cancer?
"Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC), also known as stage IV breast cancer, is a form of advanced cancer that spreads beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes to other parts of the body, including the bones, liver, lungs, or brain," said Dr Agrawal.
According to a 2022 study, metastasis refers to the spread of tumour cells from the original cancer site to secondary locations through a complex, multistep process. This mechanism is responsible for over 90% of cancer-related deaths, primarily due to the damage it causes to vital organ functions.
According to the same study, while the rate of distant relapses has been decreasing and survival times for patients with recurrent breast cancer have improved, 20-30% of patients with early-stage breast cancer still succumb to metastatic disease.
Also Read: Hormone-Positive Breast Cancer And IVF: Weighing The Risks And Benefits
Treatment Options and Survivorship
When presented with a metastatic breast cancer diagnosis, patients and healthcare providers (HCPs) face a wide array of treatment options. While the primary goal is often to limit cancer progression, it is equally important to focus on overall survivorship. This holistic approach emphasises not only extending life but also enhancing its quality. By prioritising both longevity and Quality of Life (QoL), patients can make informed treatment choices that enhance their overall well-being.
What Does Overall Survivorship Mean for Your Breast Cancer Treatment?
Survivorship extends beyond merely prolonging life; it also emphasises the importance of ensuring that this extended life is meaningful and fulfilling. “When selecting the appropriate treatment for metastatic breast cancer, it’s essential to consider more than just the immediate effectiveness of the options, but also the long-term impact of every treatment option,” said Dr Agrawal.
Key Questions to Discuss with Oncologists
When discussing treatment options with oncologists, it’s important to consider several key questions. You might ask how the treatment will impact your daily life, what potential side effects to expect, and whether it will help maintain your physical and emotional well-being. Additionally, inquire about the likelihood of witnessing your children complete their education, the possibility of getting married, and whether you will be able to achieve your personal goals.
Advancements In Treatment
"Recent advancements in medical research have introduced a range of options beyond traditional therapies, including targeted therapies, immunotherapies, hormonal therapies, and personalised medicine. These innovative treatments often deliver improved outcomes with fewer side effects," said Dr Agrawal.
For example, advanced adjuvant therapies specifically target cancer cells, inhibiting their replication and preventing new cell formation. By focusing on molecular or genetic alterations, these therapies disrupt essential signalling pathways for cancer growth, reducing recurrence risk compared to chemotherapy. Exploring these options empowers patients to make informed decisions aligned with their long-term health goals.
Integrating supportive care services such as nutrition counselling, physical therapy, and psychological support can significantly enhance the survivorship experience.
Deciding at the Right Moment: Key to Effective Treatment
Choosing the right treatment at the right moment is essential. Early intervention with the most effective therapies can result in improved outcomes. "Additionally, it is important to regularly review and adjust treatment plans as necessary. This flexible approach ensures that the treatment aligns with the patient's changing health status and personal preferences," added Dr Agrawal.
Bottomline
Dr Agrawal concluded, “Research indicates that emphasising overall survivorship can lead to better health outcomes and increased patient satisfaction. We can enhance the overall experience of cancer care by prioritising treatments that provide long-term benefits and address the patient's holistic well-being.”
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your own professional if you are dealing with any health issues to avoid complications.]