Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects multiple organs, including the eyes. Over time, high blood sugar levels can cause damage to the delicate structures of the eyes, leading to serious complications if left unmanaged.
Dr Priyamvada Bhasin, Medical Director and Specialist in Comprehensive Ophthalmology, Squint, and Vitreo-Retinal conditions, Ratan Jyoti Netralaya, Gwalior, explains that diabetes primarily affects the eyes by damaging the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to a condition known as diabetic retinopathy. Over time, uncontrolled blood sugar levels can cause these vessels to weaken, leak, or become blocked, reducing oxygen supply to the retina. This can result in blurred vision, dark spots, or even blindness if not addressed in time.
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Foods To Maintain Eye Health For Diabetics
It is important to understand that a well-balanced diet plays a vital role in maintaining healthy vision. A 2018 study published in the journal PLOS One suggests that a diet rich in fibre, oily fish, and Mediterranean-style eating may help reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy, while high-calorie intake increases the risk.
The following foods and nutrients are particularly beneficial for individuals with diabetes to support eye health and prevent complications:
Leafy greens (spinach, kale): These vegetables are rich in lutein and zeaxanthin, two powerful antioxidants that protect the retina from harmful light exposure and oxidative stress. Regular consumption can help slow down the progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Fatty fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel): These fish are packed with omega-3 fatty acids, which reduce inflammation and support overall eye function. Omega-3s also help prevent dry eyes, a common issue among diabetics.
Nuts and seeds (almonds, walnuts, flaxseeds): These contain vitamin E and additional omega-3 fatty acids, which protect eye cells from damage caused by high blood sugar levels.
Citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, grapefruits): High in vitamin C, these fruits help strengthen blood vessels in the eyes and reduce the risk of cataracts and diabetic retinopathy.
Carrots and sweet potatoes: Rich in beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, these foods support night vision and overall eye health. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to impaired vision and other ocular problems.
Whole grains (brown rice, quinoa, whole wheat): These help regulate blood sugar levels, preventing the spikes that contribute to diabetic complications, including vision issues.
Also Read: 5 Things Diabetes Patients Need To Do To Prevent Eye Damage
Conclusion
Diabetes management goes beyond blood sugar control; it also includes protecting eye health. A nutrient-rich diet, regular checkups, and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes-related vision problems. By following these guidelines, individuals with diabetes can take proactive steps toward maintaining clear vision and overall well-being.