How concerned should you really be about a burning sensation in your feet? The answer lies in its underlying cause. A burning sensation usually feels like a painful, hot, or tingling discomfort, often a stinging pain. It can range from mild to severe and may be accompanied by numbness or a pins-and-needles feeling. But again, when should you be concerned?
In an interaction with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Joydeep Ghosh, Consultant – Internal Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Anandapur, shares common causes and when to seek medical attention.
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What Causes Burning Sensation In Feet?
"Most often, neuropathy causes burning feet," says Dr Ghosh, explaining that damaged nerve fibres are more likely to become overactive and misfire. The damaged nerves send pain signals to your brain even though you have no wound.
There are different types and causes of neuropathy that can lead to burning feet syndrome.
Diabetic Neuropathy: One of the most common causes, this occurs when prolonged high blood sugar levels damage the nerves, particularly in the feet and legs. It often starts with numbness or tingling, progressing to burning pain as the condition worsens.
Alcoholic Neuropathy: Chronic alcohol use can lead to nutritional deficiencies (especially B vitamins), which are crucial for nerve health. Over time, this can damage the peripheral nerves and cause burning sensations in the extremities.
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): While not a neuropathy itself, PAD involves poor blood flow to the limbs due to narrowed arteries. The lack of oxygen and nutrients reaching the nerves can indirectly cause nerve damage and lead to a burning sensation.
Temporary Burning Sensation Vs. Chronic Issue: How To Tell The Difference
According to Dr Ghosh, a temporary burning sensation is usually short-lived, resolving on its own within a short time frame. On the other hand, a chronic issue persists for an extended period and may be a symptom of an underlying condition.
A temporary burning sensation in the feet is often caused by pressure on a nerve or blood vessel, leading to temporary nerve dysfunction, whereas chronic problems are a result of nerve damage (neuropathy), poor circulation, or other underlying conditions like diabetes, autoimmune diseases, or infections.
Also Read: How To Treat Pins And Needles In Your Hands And Feet
Tests That Can Confirm The Condition
To diagnose the cause of burning feet, doctors may recommend specific neurological tests. These help determine the extent, type, and location of nerve dysfunction. Here’s how each test works:
Nerve Conduction Study (NCS)
NCS measures how fast and strong electrical signals move through nerves. It helps detect nerve damage or signal blockages and is often used for diabetic or alcoholic neuropathy.
Nerve Biopsy
This involves removing a small nerve sample to examine under a microscope. It is used to diagnose rare or unclear cases involving inflammation, vasculitis, or structural damage.
Electromyography (EMG)
This test evaluates the muscle and nerve activity using a thin needle electrode. It identifies if weakness or pain is due to nerve or muscle problems.
Treatment Options For Burning Sensation In Feet
Dr Ghosh says, “Treatment options for managing symptoms vary widely depending on the specific symptom and its underlying cause.”
“They can range from medication and physical therapies to psychological interventions and lifestyle changes. It's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment plan,” he concludes.