Sotos syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by excessive physical growth during the first few years of life. In this rare condition, children tend to be taller, heavier, and have larger heads (macrocrania) at birth.
Symptoms
The symptoms of sotos syndrome can vary among individuals. The common symptoms of the disorder include large and long head with a slightly protrusive forehead, large hands and feet, hypertelorism (an abnormally increased distance between the eyes), and down-slanting eyes.
The disorder is often accompanied by mild mental retardation; delayed motor, cognitive, and social development; hypotonia (low muscle tone), and speech impairments. Clumsiness, an awkward gait, and unusual aggressiveness or irritability may also occur. Although most cases of Sotos syndrome occur sporadically (meaning they are not inherited), familial cases have also been reported.
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Treatment and Prognosis
As of now, there is no standard course of treatment for Sotos syndrome. Treatment is symptomatic. Sotos syndrome is not a life-threatening disorder and patients may have a normal life expectancy.
The initial abnormalities of Sotos syndrome usually resolve with time. Developmental delays may improve in the school-age years, and adults with Sotos syndrome are likely to be within the normal range for intellect and height. However, coordination problems may persist into adulthood.
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