Itching, irritation, or abnormal vaginal discharge can mean a lot of things, including yeast infections, which are a type of fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of the Candida fungus. In fact, it is the second most common cause of vaginal inflammation after bacterial infections, affecting up to 75 out of 100 women, according to InformedHealth.org.
But it is important to note that yeast infections are not just limited to the vaginal area and can pop up in various other parts of the body. In an interaction with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Danny Laliwala, Consultant, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, expands on the same.
Also Read: What Are Yeast Infections? Know Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
What Causes A Yeast Infection?
Yeast infections occur due to an overgrowth of a fungus from the candida species.
In general, various parts of our body, including the mouth, skin, vagina, and intestines, contain a balanced mix of yeast, including candida, and bacteria. However, when that natural balance is disrupted, it can lead to certain infections.
One of the reasons can be moist and humid environments, where the fungus thrives, says Dr Laliwala.
Other factors that can increase the risk of yeast infections include:
- Excessive intake of antibiotics can kill the normal body flora, allowing fungal spores to outgrow
- People with compromised immunity, such as those suffering from cancer or the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Additionally, stress, unmanaged diabetes, and an increased intake of refined carbohydrates, yeast, and sugar can also contribute to the condition, as per the Cleveland Clinic.
Vaginal Yeast Infection
Vaginal yeast infections are one of the most common types of yeast infections, affecting up to three out of four women at some point in their lifetimes.
Common symptoms include:
- Intense itching in the area
- Curdy white discharge
- Foul-smelling discharge
- Pain during intercourse
- Vaginal soreness
Other Areas Prone To A Yeast Infection
Other than the vagina, yeast infections can also commonly occur in the inner thigh areas, cervix, lining of the mouth (thrush), and nail beds.
General symptoms include:
- Skin redness and rash
- Itching and inflammation
- Blisters
- White patches on the skin
- Pain, soreness, or discomfort
- Burning sensation
Prevention And Treatment Options
For those suffering from fungal infections, like yeast infections, antifungal medicines are available, both for oral and local use, Dr Laliwala recommends, adding that local antifungal pessaries are available, which may be used for 1, 3, or 6 days, depending on the severity.
You can also use antifungal creams and powders, either alone or in combination with an antibacterial and a mild steroid. Additionally, oral medicines in the form of fluconazole are available, which may be used as a single dose or multiple doses, the doctor suggests.
However, it is best to consult with a doctor before resorting to any of these treatment methods.
To prevent the occurrence of yeast infections, Dr Laliwala recommends using local hygiene washes twice a day.
“One should keep the area clean and dry. Use cotton undergarments, avoid nylon ones, and preferably change them twice a day.
“Keep sugar intake under control,” he advises further.
Bottomline
Yeast infections not only occur in the vagina but can also develop in the inner thigh areas, lining of the mouth (thrush), and nail beds. While some infections heal on their own, others may require proper treatment involving antifungal creams, powders, and oral medicines. However, it is important to consult a doctor beforehand.