The anticipation of labour is both exciting and nerve-wracking for expectant mothers. As the due date approaches, it’s important to recognise the signs that indicate labour is near. While every pregnancy is unique, there are common signs that most women experience when labour is approaching. Understanding these signs can help you prepare for the big day and know when it’s time to head to the hospital or birthing centre.
To understand this, OnlyMyHealth team interacted with Dr Gurpreet Batra, Senior Consultant – Gynaecologist and Infertility Expert, Cloudnine Group of Hospitals, Ludhiana. She explains, “Labour is a natural process, but knowing what to expect can help reduce anxiety and ensure you reach the hospital at the right time. Each woman’s experience may differ, but certain key signs can indicate that labour is imminent.”
1. Lightening (Baby Drops)
One of the earliest signs of approaching labour is lightening, when the baby moves lower into the pelvis. This shift relieves pressure on the diaphragm, making it easier to breathe, but increases pressure on the bladder, leading to frequent urination. Dr Batra notes, “First-time mothers may experience lightening a few weeks before labour, while women who have given birth before may notice it closer to the onset of labour.”
2. Braxton Hicks Contractions
Braxton Hicks contractions, also known as “practice contractions,” occur throughout pregnancy but may become more frequent and intense as labour nears. Unlike true labour contractions, these are irregular and do not increase in intensity over time. “If you notice contractions becoming more regular and painful, monitor their frequency. True labour contractions will progressively get stronger, longer, and closer together,” says Dr Batra.
3. The Loss of the Mucus Plug
During pregnancy, a mucus plug forms in the cervix to prevent infections. As the body prepares for labour, this plug may be expelled, appearing as a thick, jelly-like discharge that may be clear, pink, or slightly bloody. Dr Batra explains, “Losing the mucus plug is a sign that the cervix is changing, but labour could still be days or even weeks away.”
4. Bloody Show
A bloody show is a blood-tinged vaginal discharge that occurs as the cervix begins to dilate. It is often a sign that labour is close but does not necessarily mean immediate action is required. “A bloody show happens when small blood vessels in the cervix rupture due to dilation. It’s a normal part of labour preparation, but if there is heavy bleeding, seek medical attention,” advises Dr Batra.
5. Regular Contractions
Unlike Braxton Hicks contractions, true labour contractions come at regular intervals and increase in intensity. They typically start 15 to 20 minutes apart and gradually progress to intervals of 5 minutes. “If your contractions are getting stronger and lasting around 60 seconds each, it’s a strong sign that labour has begun,” says Dr Batra.
6. Water Breaking
The rupture of the amniotic sac, commonly known as the water breaking, is a significant indicator of labour. This may occur as a sudden gush or a slow trickle of fluid. Dr Batra warns, “If your water breaks, contact your healthcare provider immediately, especially if the fluid is green or brown, as it could indicate that the baby has passed meconium.”
7. Back Pain
Some women experience lower back pain before and during labour, caused by the baby’s position and the body’s adjustments. “Back labour can be intense and continuous or come in waves with contractions. If you have persistent back pain along with contractions, labour may be progressing,” says Dr Batra.
8. Increased Pressure and Pelvic Discomfort
As the baby moves further down into the pelvis, many women experience increased pelvic pressure and discomfort, which can make walking or sitting difficult. “This sensation is a result of the baby’s head pressing against the cervix and surrounding structures,” explains Dr Batra.
9. Nausea, Vomiting, or Diarrhoea
In the hours or days before labour, some women experience gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea. These are believed to be due to hormonal changes. Dr Batra notes, “The body naturally clears out the digestive system to make room for labour. While uncomfortable, it is a common sign that things are moving forward.”
10. Change in Energy Levels (Nesting)
A surge of energy, known as the nesting instinct, often occurs before labour. Some women feel an overwhelming urge to clean, organise, or prepare for the baby’s arrival. “This burst of energy is the body’s way of preparing for childbirth, but others may feel extreme fatigue instead. Listen to your body and rest as needed,” advises Dr Batra.
When to Go to the Hospital
Knowing when to head to the hospital is crucial. Dr Batra suggests following the 5-1-1 rule:
- Contractions are 5 minutes apart
- Each contraction lasts 1 minute
- This pattern continues for at least 1 hour
Additionally, seek medical attention immediately if:
- Your water breaks, especially if the fluid is coloured
- You experience heavy bleeding
- You notice reduced fetal movement
Conclusion
Recognising the signs of labour can help you feel more prepared for childbirth. While every pregnancy is unique, staying informed can ease anxiety and ensure a smooth transition into labour.“If you are ever unsure, always reach out to your healthcare provider. It’s better to ask questions and be reassured than to wait too long,” says Dr Batra. By understanding what to expect, you can navigate the final days of pregnancy with confidence, ensuring a safe and smooth birthing experience.