As pregnancy progresses, many women experience contractions that can leave them wondering if labour has begun. Braxton Hicks contractions, often referred to as ‘false labour, are a common occurrence during the second and third trimesters. These contractions are a natural part of pregnancy, preparing the uterus for childbirth. However, distinguishing them from true labour contractions is crucial to ensure timely medical attention when needed. An expert explains how to differentiate between these two types of contractions. Let’s explore the key differences and what they mean for expectant mothers.
Understanding Braxton Hicks Contractions
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According to Dr Juhee Jain, Director, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rainbow Children's Hospital, New Delhi, Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular pains, mostly in the front part of the abdomen, feeling like menstrual cramps. These contractions are harmless, irregular, and often relieved by changing positions or hydration. They do not follow a consistent pattern and may not cause significant discomfort, allowing women to continue their daily activities or even sleep through them.
Characteristics of Braxton Hicks Contractions:
- Irregular and Unpredictable: No consistent timing or intensity.
- Frontal Discomfort: Typically felt in the front of the abdomen.
- Relieved by Rest or Hydration: Often ease with rest or drinking water.
- No Cervical Dilation: Do not lead to labour or cervical dilation.
True Labor Contractions
In contrast, true labour contractions are a sign that the body is preparing for childbirth. Dr Jain explains that these contractions ‘have a pattern, gradually increase in intensity, and are more frequent over time.’ They are typically more painful and can be felt throughout the abdomen and lower back.
Characteristics of True Labor Contractions:
- Consistent Pattern: Regular intervals with increasing frequency and intensity.
- Painful and Intense: Often described as strong menstrual cramps or pressure in the pelvis.
- Cervical Dilation: This leads to cervical dilation and eventual delivery.
A Study on Braxton Hicks and Labor Contractions
A study published in The Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health explored the differences between Braxton Hicks and true labour contractions. Researchers found that while Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular and do not lead to cervical dilation, true labour contractions follow a consistent pattern and are associated with progressive cervical dilation. The study emphasised the importance of recognising these differences to ensure timely medical intervention when labour begins.
Tips for Distinguishing Between Braxton Hicks and Labor Contractions
To determine whether you are experiencing Braxton Hicks or true labour contractions, consider these tips:
- Monitor the Pattern: True labour contractions become more frequent and intense over time, while Braxton Hicks are irregular.
- Assess the Pain: Labor contractions are typically more painful and may radiate to the back and legs.
- Check for Cervical Dilation: Only true labour contractions lead to cervical dilation, which can be confirmed by a healthcare provider.
When to Contact Your Doctor
If you experience any of the following, contact your healthcare provider immediately:
- Persistent Contractions: Contractions that become more frequent or intense over time.
- Leaking Fluid or Vaginal Bleeding: Signs that labour may have begun or there is a risk of infection.
- Decreased Fetal Movement: Any change in your baby’s movement patterns.
Conclusion
Understanding the difference between Braxton Hicks and true labour contractions is essential for expectant mothers to ensure they receive timely medical care when needed. As Dr Juhee Jain emphasises, “For delivery to occur, there should be strong contractions following a consistent pattern.” By recognising these differences and staying informed, women can better navigate the final stages of pregnancy and prepare for a safe and healthy delivery.