Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that is characterised by persistent inflammation which prompts skin cells to multiply rapidly. This leads to the formation of red, scaly patches, often accompanied by silvery scales. These patches are itchy and painful, and can sometimes even cause bleeding. While it is true that the main symptoms of the disease are skin-related, its impact is not limited to the skin. These skin patches undoubtedly bring physical discomfort, but it's the psychological and emotional toll of the disease that often hits patients the hardest.
We spoke to our expert Prof Dr DG Saple, MD, FCPS, Fellow of Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg, USA, Consultant in Dermato-Venereology, Leprology and HIV/AIDS, Breach Candy Hospital, SL Raheja Hospital and Fortis Associate, Mumbai, who explained the psychological, emotional, and social burden of psoriasis.
Psychological and Emotional Impact
“The visible nature of psoriasis patches can lead to feelings of self-consciousness, embarrassment, depression and a negative body image. Many patients find themselves grappling with social stigma because of how ‘ugly’ the patches look”, said Dr Saple.
Social Stigma and Misconceptions
One prevalent misconception regarding psoriasis is the belief that it can be transmitted through physical contact, such as touching, hugging, shaking hands, or being near someone with the condition.
“Besides stigmatisation, this can also lead to discrimination, causing patients to feel isolated and emotionally distressed. Psoriasis is a non-contagious condition. It occurs because of an imbalanced, overactive immune system that causes widespread inflammation in the body”, added Dr Saple.
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Physical Complications and Health Risks
This inflammation gives rise to skin symptoms first, but in almost one-third of patients, it also causes a painful condition of the joints known as psoriatic arthritis. The inflammation also increases the risk of developing other serious health conditions, such as heart disease, kidney disease, hypertension, liver disease, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease, highlighted Dr Saple.
According to StatPearls, in individuals with psoriasis, the prevalence of psoriatic arthritis is 19.7%; in adults, it is 21.6%, and in children, it is 3.3%.
Daily Challenges and Quality of Life
It is crucial to understand that psoriasis can disrupt daily lives and productivity. Patients can feel discomfort wearing everyday clothes, as they tend to extensively cover themselves up to hide psoriatic patches. The itching and pain can disrupt sleep as well as simple everyday tasks like typing, driving, walking, cooking, etc. The psycho-social burden is profound, and patients may even experience suicidal tendencies.
Patients constantly live with the fear of a future riddled with multiple diseases, along with the daily struggle of dealing with symptoms that make their lives uncomfortable. This has an immense impact on their mental and emotional well-being.
Also Read: Dry Scalp On Your Body? Expert Explains Impact Of Psoriasis And Importance Of Early Detection
Treatment Options and Management
Today, there are several treatment options available that can help manage the symptoms of psoriasis and reduce the frequency of flare-ups. Dr Saple listed the management measures as follows:
- Treatment ranges from applying ointments directly on the skin to oral medication.
- Biologics are the most advanced drugs for psoriasis management that have proven to be highly effective. They have a high rate of skin clearance, reduce the pain, stiffness and swelling caused by psoriatic arthritis, and can greatly improve a patient’s quality of life.
Dr Saple highlighted, “Depending on the severity of symptoms and other health parameters, the doctor prescribes a suitable treatment regimen for each patient. However, patients often don’t comply or stop their treatment after experiencing some improvement.” Psoriasis treatment must be continued long-term because of the chronic nature of the disease. Patients should be made aware of the recurring nature of the disease so that they can make informed decisions about their treatment and adhere to it.
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your dermatologist for a treatment plan tailored to your needs and medical history.]