Osteoarthritis has been related to older age because of the normal reduction in general bone health that occurs as people age. Because of sedentary lifestyles, this ailment is now affecting a larger proportion of the younger population.
“Osteoarthritis is an ailment that causes the bones to degenerate, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. It gradually weakens joint health, resulting in mobility challenges and severe pain,” said Dr Ashish Arbat, Orthopedic & Joint Replacement Surgeon, Jehangir Multispeciality Hospitals, Pune.
“Typically linked to old age due to declining bone health, osteoarthritis has recently become more prevalent among younger individuals. Osteoarthritis is now being diagnosed in many people aged 35-45, whereas previously it was predominantly found in those between 55 and 60 years old,” Dr Arbat added.
Causes Of Osteoarthritis Cases Surging In Younger People
According to Dr Arbat, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and prolonged periods of sitting can have detrimental effects on our bone and joint health. As per him, cartilage that envelops the bones deteriorates due to excessive weight or insufficient physical activity along with an unhealthy diet.
According to World Health Organisation estimates, osteoarthritis is the fourth major cause of disability, posing a significant worldwide health and economic burden.
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“Osteoarthritis is seen when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones gradually wears away. While osteoarthritis can impact any joint, it predominantly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine,” Dr Arbat said, adding, the spike in cases of osteoarthritis among young people during the pandemic can be attributed to the prevalence of work-from-home norms.
“Prolonged periods of sitting in front of screens, lack of physical activity, weight gain, unhealthy eating habits, and limited exposure to sunlight are the primary factors contributing to osteoarthritis,” Dr Arbat concluded.
Factors leading to osteoarthritis in youngsters such as a lack of physical activity, prolonged periods of sitting, heavy lifting, sedentary office work, being overweight or obese, excessive running or participation in impact sports, joint injuries, birth defects such as hip dysplasia or uneven leg lengths, hormonal imbalances affecting growth, diabetes, and a family history of osteoarthritis should be immediately addressed. It is important to pay attention to signs and symptoms such as chronic joint pain, discomfort, swelling, redness around joints, and mobility issues.
Tips To Prevent Osteoarthritis In Youngsters
Dr Arbat advised, “Osteoarthritis, often considered a condition of old age, is increasingly becoming a concern for younger adults due to sedentary lifestyles and obesity. The prevention of osteoarthritis in the younger population requires a multifaceted approach that incorporates both physical activity and healthy diet.”
“Engaging in regular exercise that includes strength training and low-impact activities can help maintain joint health and reduce the risk of developing osteoarthritis later in life,” he added.
Also read: Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment
Dr Arbat concluded, “Maintaining a healthy weight through proper nutrition is crucial for preventing excessive stress on the joints. Taking proactive measures at a young age to prioritise joint health through physical activity, diet management, and injury prevention can play a pivotal role in preventing this condition.”