The liver is the largest organ in the human body and is responsible for various functions. It primarily works towards removing toxins, processing food nutrients, and regulating metabolism, which are chemical responses in the body's cells that change food into energy. Having said that, any disruptions in the functioning of the liver can throw many bodily systems off, leading to issues in various parts of the body, including the legs and feet.
Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Bhushan Bhole, Senior Consultant of Liver Transplant and GI Surgery, PSRI Hospital, New Delhi, sheds light on how liver diseases are associated with problems in the lower extremities and symptoms to watch out for.
Also Read: Why Are Women More Prone To Liver Problems Than Men?
Yellowish Discolouration In The Feet
Advanced liver disease, also known as cirrhosis, can affect the patient’s limbs, leading to a yellowish discolouration of the feet, says Dr Bhole. This is also a sign of jaundice, which is characterised by the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Jaundice occurs when there's a buildup of bilirubin, a waste product from the breakdown of Red Blood Cells (RBCs), in the bloodstream. Usually, the liver helps remove bilirubin from the body, but if it's not working properly, bilirubin levels can rise and cause jaundice.
Feet Swelling And Pain
Another symptom that is commonly seen in patients with advanced liver disease is foot swelling and pain. This happens because when the liver malfunctions, it struggles to regulate fluids and filter toxins from the blood, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lower extremities and causing swelling and discomfort, explains Dr Bhole.
Additionally, in certain cases, cirrhosis may also increase pressure in the portal vein, which can cause varicose veins and further contribute to foot pain, as per the doctor. It is important to note that foot swelling and pain do not necessarily mean a liver disease and can be caused by other conditions. Therefore, it is always beneficial to see a doctor before reaching a conclusion.
Itchy Feet That Worsens At Night
Intense and persistent itchiness in the feet can also indicate certain liver diseases. This symptom is common in autoimmune liver diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and obstructive biliary disease, according to a study published in the British Journal of General Practice. This type of itchiness due to liver disease typically worsens at night and might be concentrated on the soles or palms, as per the research.
Also Read: Dealing With Itchy Palms? Here Are Its Causes, Treatment, And Preventive Tips
How To Know If Your Feet Problems Are Associated With Liver Disease?
Liver diseases are usually silent in the early stages. However, as they become more advanced and severe, more symptoms become visible. Some of them include:
- Abdominal discomfort or pain
- Extreme fatigue and weakness
- Jaundice - yellowing of the skin and eyes
- Unexplained weight loss
- Dark urine
- Pale-coloured stool
- Loss of appetite
- Confusion in severe cases
- Red palms in advanced stages
- Spider-like blood vessels on the skin
Apart from watching out for the symptoms, you can also take certain tests that can confirm your diagnosis. These tests include:
- Physical examination
- Liver function test
- Ultrasound of the abdomen
- Fibroscan
- Endoscopy
Dr Bhole says, “There are treatments for leg problems associated with advanced liver disease, but for that, timely consultation with your doctor is essential, which can prevent future complications.”