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The bladder is a vital organ that acts as a reservoir for urine and allows it to pass through the urethra. Working in tandem with the kidneys to filter blood and remove waste, the bladder plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's balance. Any issues with bladder function or pain in the area can be concerning, as they may signal an infection or other underlying health problems.
Research suggests women are more likely to experience bladder problems than men, due to factors, such as urinary incontinence, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), and other bladder conditions. In an interaction with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Santosh Gawali, Consultant Urologist, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, sheds light on the same and shares ways to manage bladder pain.
Also Read: 5 Types Of People Most At Risk Of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Common Causes Of Bladder Pain In Women
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According to StatPearls Publishing, bladder problems are very common, affecting millions of people worldwide. While the potential causes of bladder dysfunction or disease are wide-ranging, the research suggests that overactive bladder, bladder outlet obstruction, interstitial cystitis, urinary tract infections, and bladder cancer are some of the most common ones.
Dr Gawali shares a list of health conditions that affect the bladder and lead to pain and discomfort. These include:
- Bladder infection, or cystitis
- Interstitial cystitis, or bladder pain syndrome
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
- Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI), such as herpes simplex, chlamydia, and gonorrhoea
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Endometritis
- Diverticulosis
- Diverticulitis
Bladder Pain Vs. Other Types Of Pelvic Pain
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Bladder pain refers to localised discomfort in the bladder, often resulting from infections like UTI or other bladder-specific issues.
Dr Gawali explains that bladder pain is suprapubic pain, pressure, and discomfort related to bladder filling and characterised by symptoms such as increased daytime and nighttime frequency of urine for more than six weeks duration.
In contrast, pelvic pain can originate from various organs in the pelvic region, such as the reproductive system, intestines, or muscles. Conditions like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), endometriosis, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can cause pelvic pain, which may be dull, sharp, or radiating to other areas like the lower back or thighs.
Understanding the difference between bladder and pelvic pain helps in identifying the underlying cause and seeking the right treatment.
Also Read: Signs You Have A Weak Bladder: Doctor Shares Ways To Treat It
When To Visit A Doctor
Certain symptoms may require immediate medical attention. These include:
- Bladder or pelvic pain that doesn't go away
- Pain when passing urine
- Frequent or urgent urination
- Trouble passing urine
- Blood in the urine
- Red or dark brown urine
- Fever
- Loss of bladder control
- Pain in the side, lower belly, or groin
- Change in urination pattern that affects daily life
- Symptoms that come back after antibiotic treatment
Diagnostic tests include complete urine examination with culture sensitivity, ultrasonography, urodynamic studies, and office cystoscopy.
How To Manage Bladder Pain In Women
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There are many ways to manage bladder pain in women. These include:
- Drinking enough fluids
- Avoiding foods like caffeine, alcohol, carbonated drinks, spicy foods, tomatoes, citrus fruits, and highly fermented foods.
- Managing stress
- Quitting smoking
- Making sure that your medications are not causing the symptoms
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Managing constipation
- Maintaining hygiene
Some home remedies include:
- Using a heating pad on your abdomen or back
- Taking a warm bath
- Having probiotic-rich foods, such as yoghurt, kimchi, pickles, and kefir
- Increasing vitamin C intake
- Taking cranberry supplements (consult doctor)
- Pelvic floor muscle training, also known as Kegel exercises, especially for urinary incontinence
Conclusion
Bladder pain is a common concern among women. It can be caused by various factors, from infections to other health conditions. It is crucial to identify the underlying cause to receive a proper diagnosis and effective treatment. If you continue to experience bladder pain for prolonged periods, it is best to consult a gynaecologist or a urologist who can accurately tell you what you have.