Here Are Some Lesser Known Facts About Perimenopause Every Woman Must Know

Perimenopause is the phase which leads to menopause. During perimenopause, the ovaries gradually begin to make less oestrogen and this lasts till menopause when the ovaries stop releasing eggs. 

To acquaint women with some lesser-known facts about perimenopause, OnlyMyHealth team spoke to Dr Chetna Jain Director Department of Obstetrics & gynecology Cloudnine Group of Hospitals, Gurugram.

Dr Jain said, “Perimenopause, the transitional phase leading up to menopause, is a significant but often under-discussed period in a woman's life.” Here are five lesser-known facts about perimenopause that every woman should be aware of. 

1. Varied Onset and Duration

According to WebMD, perimenopause usually starts 8-10 years before menopause. “The average age of onset for perimenopause is around the mid to late 40s, but it can start earlier for some women, even in their 30s, or later in their 50s. The duration of perimenopause can also vary greatly—some women experience it for just a few months, while others may undergo this phase for up to ten years,” Dr Jain said. The length and intensity of perimenopause can be influenced by factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and overall health.

2. Irregular Menstrual Cycles

One of the hallmark signs of perimenopause is irregular menstrual cycles. This can include changes in the frequency, duration, and flow of periods. Some women may have shorter cycles, while others might experience longer intervals between periods. Additionally, menstrual flow can become lighter or heavier than usual. “It's important to note that irregular bleeding during perimenopause could also be a sign of other gynaecological issues, so any unusual changes in menstrual patterns should be discussed with a healthcare provider,” Dr Jain said. 

Also read: From Hot Flashes To Vaginal Dryness, Expert Shares 5 Signs Of Perimenopause

3. Fluctuating Hormone Levels

Perimenopause is characterised by hormonal fluctuations, particularly a decline in oestrogen levels. As per Dr Jain, this hormonal shift can lead to a range of physical and emotional symptoms, such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and vaginal dryness. Oestrogen plays a key role in regulating many bodily functions, including bone health and cholesterol levels. “As oestrogen levels decrease during perimenopause, women may be at increased risk of conditions like osteoporosis and heart disease. Understanding these hormonal changes can help women make informed decisions about their health and wellness during this phase of life,” Dr Jain said. 

4. Impact on Fertility and Contraception

While pregnancy becomes less likely during perimenopause due to irregular ovulation, Dr Jain said, it's still possible for women to conceive. “Because ovulation can be unpredictable, relying solely on changes in menstrual patterns as a form of contraception may not be reliable. Women who wish to avoid pregnancy during perimenopause should use contraception until they have gone through menopause (12 consecutive months without a period),” Dr Jain advised. It's essential to discuss contraception options with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable method based on individual health and preferences.

Also read: Is it Possible to Get Pregnant during Perimenopause?

5. Bone Health and Cardiovascular Risks

As oestrogen levels decline during perimenopause, women may experience changes in bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. This condition weakens bones and makes them more susceptible to fractures. Dr Jain suggested that adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, along with weight-bearing exercises, can help maintain bone health during this phase. Additionally, perimenopause is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. “Oestrogen has a protective effect on the heart and blood vessels, so its decline can contribute to higher cholesterol levels and changes in blood pressure. Lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding smoking, are crucial for cardiovascular health during perimenopause and beyond,” Dr Jain said. 

Conclusion 

Perimenopause is a natural phase of life that every woman experiences, but its effects can vary widely from person to person. By understanding the lesser-known aspects of perimenopause, women can better navigate this transition and take proactive steps to manage their health and well-being. Advising women on perimenopause, Dr Jain said, “Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are essential during this time to address any concerns and ensure optimal health as women transition into menopause and beyond.” 

(Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. We advise you to consult your healthcare provider if you are facing any issues with your menstrual cycle.)