Newborn Care Week: Neonatologist Shares Common Newborn Skin Problems and How To Take Care of It

A newborn’s skin is one of the most sensitive organs of the body: thin, developing, and still adapting to the external environment. In the first few weeks of life, it undergoes significant physiological changes as the baby transitions from the protective environment of the womb to the outside world. During this period, minor skin issues are extremely common, but with the right knowledge and care, most can be easily managed at home.

Why Newborn Skin Needs Special Attention

Answering the same, Dr Ranjan Kumar Pejaver, associated with Himalaya BabyCare, Chief Neonatologist, People Tree at Meenakshi Hospital, Bengaluru shares, “A newborn’s skin is structurally and functionally different from that of an adult. According to the Indian Academy of Pediatrics, an infant’s skin can be 40-60 times thinner, less hydrated, and has a reduced natural moisturizing factor (NMF). This immaturity makes it more prone to dryness, irritation, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) where essential moisture escapes through the skin.”

The situation is even more fragile for preterm babies where the skin barrier is underdeveloped, leaving them susceptible to temperature fluctuations and dehydration.

Common Newborn Skin Concerns and their Management

Let’s take a look at some of the common skin problems in babies and how they can be easily managed:

Dryness and Peeling

In the early days, many babies experience mild peeling as the outermost layer of skin naturally sheds. According to Dr Pejaver, “This is temporary and rarely a cause for concern. However, exposure to dry air or over-bathing can make the skin flaky.”

Also Read: These Common Skincare Habits Could Be Damaging Your Child’s Skin

How To Manage: Using lukewarm water for short baths and applying a mild, fragrance-free moisturizer immediately after helps retain the skin’s natural moisture.

Diaper Rash

Prolonged contact with moisture, friction, or even certain diaper materials can lead to irritation in the diaper area. Dr Pejaver suggests, “The best way to prevent diaper rash is by keeping the area clean and dry, changing diapers frequently, and allowing diaper-free intervals during the day. A thin protective layer of barrier cream can further reduce friction and irritation.”

Baby Acne and Milia

Small red or white bumps on the face, commonly referred to as baby acne or milia, are a frequent sight in newborns. They occur due to maternal hormones or immature oil glands and generally resolve without treatment.

How To Manage: Gentle cleansing with plain water or a mild pH-balanced cleanser is usually sufficient; no creams or topical applications are needed unless advised by a doctor.

Also Read: Infant Care: 9 Skincare Tips For Newly Born

Cradle Cap

Dr Pejaver explains, “Cradle cap appears as greasy, yellowish scales on the scalp, caused by the overactivity of oil glands. A gentle scalp massage with baby hair oil, followed by a mild shampoo wash, usually helps loosen the scales. It’s important not to scratch or forcibly remove them, as that may irritate the scalp further. Use a Baby Cradle Cap Cream to gently remove flakes, moisturize, and soothe the scalp.”

Heat Rash

Babies can easily overheat, leading to blocked sweat glands and the appearance of tiny red bumps, often on the neck or chest.

How To Manage: Ensuring the baby’s surroundings are cool, dressing them in soft, breathable fabrics, and avoiding excessive layering help prevent heat rashes.

The Role of Natural Emollients in Baby Skin Care

India’s traditional wisdom has long valued Cow Ghee as a natural skin nourisher, and modern science is beginning to echo this trust. As per Dr Pejaver, “Cow Ghee is rich in essential fatty acids, which help strengthen the skin’s natural barrier and retain moisture, and helps improve skin immunity. It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can soothe irritation, reduce dryness, and promote smooth, supple skin, thereby making it particularly beneficial during winter.”

Extra Care During Winters

Cold and dry air can strip moisture from a newborn’s skin, leading to roughness or chapping. To minimize dryness and take care of newborn skin:

• Limit bath time and use lukewarm water
• Apply a moisturizer immediately after bathing
• Maintain moderate humidity indoors and avoid harsh fabrics such as wool that can irritate baby’s skin

Building Healthy Skin from the Start

Newborn skincare is about consistency, not complexity. It’s built on simple, evidence-based steps- gentle cleansing and regular moisture using baby skin care essentials made with Pure Cow Ghee, ideal for newborns, and babies with sensitive skin.

Besides, protection from harsh environmental elements can go a long way in ensuring healthy, supple skin. In a nutshell, early attention to skin care not only keeps babies comfortable but also sets the foundation for long-term skin health.