Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that supports the immune system, helping the body fight infections and prevent chronic diseases. Additionally, sufficient vitamin D levels also help absorb calcium and phosphorus, which in turn maintain bone strength and improve digestive health.
On the contrary, vitamin D deficiency can wreak havoc in various parts of the body, including the stomach. Some research suggests that low levels of the ‘Sunshine Vitamin’ can even lead to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), a common digestive disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract. We asked Dr Raj Vardhan Singh, OSD Chairman, Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Noida International University, whether the association is accurate.
Also Read: How To Treat Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
IBS is a gastrointestinal disorder characterised by a group of symptoms, including:
- Pain in your abdomen
- Changes in your bowel movements
- Bloating
- The feeling of not fully emptying the bowels
- Whitish mucus in your stool
IBS is estimated to account for 7–21% of the population worldwide, according to a review published in JAMA Network. Women are said to be up to two times more likely than men to develop IBS, whereas people younger than age 50 are more prone to the condition, as per the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK).
Other factors that increase a person's risk of IBS include a family history of IBS, a history of stressful or difficult life events, and having a severe infection in the digestive tract.
Does Vitamin D Deficiency Cause IBS?
Many researchers have looked into the possible connection between vitamin D deficiency and IBS.
A 2015 study published in the Oman Medical Journal compared vitamin D levels in people with IBS to healthy individuals. They found that 82% of IBS patients had a vitamin D deficiency, compared to only 31% of healthy people. This difference was statistically significant, suggesting a strong link between vitamin D deficiency and IBS.
As per a case study published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), a 41-year-old woman with IBS experienced significant symptom relief after self-administering high-dose vitamin D3, inspired by online patient experiences.
Further analysis of online data revealed that around 70% of 37 IBS sufferers reported similar improvements with high-dose vitamin D3.
Explaining this connection, Dr Singh said, “It is due to vitamin D's involvement in the immune system and gut lining.”
“It is believed that vitamin D regulates the immune system and preserves the integrity of the intestinal barrier since vitamin D receptors are found throughout the gut. It is thought that immune system imbalance and inflammation contribute to IBS. Thus, vitamin D deficiency may be a factor in the symptoms that individuals with IBS encounter,” he added.
Also Read: Vitamin D Deficiency: Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment
How To Treat Vitamin D Deficiency?
Vitamin D deficiency can lead to various health issues, including loss of bone density, which can contribute to osteoporosis and fractures, increased risk of rickets, a bone disease in children, muscle pain, pins and needles sensation in the hands and feet, and more.
While sunlight is the best way to increase vitamin D levels in the body, you can also fulfil your daily requirements by eating foods rich in vitamin D, such as fatty fish, egg yolks, fortified milk, or supplementing with oral vitamin D pills, which can be taken under the guidance of a doctor.
On Managing IBS
Here are some ways you can manage your IBS symptoms:
- Recognising and avoiding trigger foods
- Adhering to a low-FODMAP diet with the assistance of a nutritionist includes foods like eggs and meat, almond milk, grains like quinoa and oats, vegetables, and fruits.
- Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and hypnosis are recommended for those who experience stress, which can worsen the symptoms of IBS.
- Regular physical activity
- Having probiotics, which help balance the gut flora
Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency can affect your body in several ways. It can cause various symptoms and, if left untreated, can also cause chronic conditions like IBS. The gastrointestinal disorder can be triggered by foods, stress, and severe stomach infections in the past. While managing your symptoms by maintaining a healthy diet and relieving stress is crucial, you can also increase your vitamin D intake to regulate the condition. It is best to consult your doctor to determine the right course of treatment for yourself.