Is It Normal To Get Headaches With IBS? A Gastroenterologist Decodes

Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

IBS is a common digestive disorder that affects the large intestine and causes symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or both.

While the exact cause of the condition is unknown, triggers include stress, spicy foods, hormonal changes, and more. About 10–23% of adults worldwide are suffering from, as cited in a study published in the Frontiers in Medicine.

Can IBS Cause Headaches? What Is The Link?

Dr Borkar suggests that headaches, particularly tension-type headaches and migraines, can be linked to IBS. He says, "IBS is seen as a condition affecting the gut-brain axis, which is the communication channel between the stomach and the brain, even though its primary effects are on the digestive system. Headaches and other symptoms outside of the digestive tract can come from a disruption in the connection."

According to the doctor, during flare-ups, many IBS patients have headache episodes, which are probably brought on by stress, restless nights, or inflammation from gastrointestinal problems. "The overlap is widespread and could indicate a common underlying mechanism, such as altered gut flora that affects overall body functioning or increased sensitivity to stress, even though headaches are not experienced by all IBS patients."

A 2006 study published in the journal BMC Gastroenterology concluded that people with IBS had a 40-80% higher prevalence of migraine, fibromyalgia, and depression.

"The gut produces the majority of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that influences mood and intestinal motility. Thus, it is crucial to maintain gut health because any imbalance can affect neurological symptoms like headaches or migraines as well as digestive issues," Dr Borkar further explains.

How To Manage Headaches Related To IBS?

According to Dr Borkar, managing IBS-related headaches requires a holistic approach; one that cares for both your gut and your mind. It starts with identifying and avoiding your personal trigger foods, which often include processed snacks, dairy, gluten, or caffeine. “Keeping a symptom diary can be incredibly helpful,” she says. “It helps you connect the dots between what you eat, how you feel, and when the headaches hit.”

Since anxiety often worsens both IBS and headaches, stress management becomes just as important as diet. Simple practices like deep breathing, yoga, meditation, or even professional therapy can make a big difference. “Don’t underestimate the basics either,” Dr Borkar adds. “Eating regular meals, staying hydrated, and getting good sleep are all part of keeping your gut-brain connection in balance.”

In some cases, probiotics may help restore gut health, and if lifestyle changes aren’t enough, a doctor might recommend medication that targets both your digestive issues and headaches. But Dr Borkar stresses one key point: “Always speak to your doctor before starting any new diet, supplement, or treatment—what works for one person may not work for another.”

Also Read: Should People With IBS Have Fermented Foods? A Gastroenterologist's Insight

When Should IBS Patients Seek Medical Assistance?

IBS patients can consult doctors if their headaches become severe, frequent, or interfere with everyday activities. Additionally, contact a healthcare provider if headaches develop over time, are accompanied by nausea, dizziness, or changes in vision, or do not go away with standard treatment.

Dr Borkar notes that it's important to rule out additional medical conditions if IBS symptoms, such as chronic pain, weight loss, or blood in the stool, are also getting worse. “Whether the headaches are related to IBS, a different condition, or both can be determined with the assistance of a doctor. Proper diagnosis and an appropriate treatment for long-term reduction and general well-being are ensured by timely examination.”

Conclusion

While IBS is usually seen as a gut issue, its impact can go well beyond the digestive system. As Dr Borkar highlights, the link between the gut and brain means symptoms like headaches may also stem from the same root causes. If you’ve been struggling with both digestive discomfort and frequent headaches, you’re not imagining it, and you’re certainly not alone. Understanding this connection is the first step toward relief. With the right lifestyle changes, stress management, and medical support, it’s possible to ease the burden of both conditions and improve your quality of life.