Can Having Sex Cause a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)? What You Should Know to Stay Healthy

Can Having Sex Cause a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?

Dr Himani Sharma, Senior Consultant, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Robotic Surgery, Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai, says, “Sexual activity is one of the most common risk factors for urinary tract infections in women, especially those who are premenopausal.” She explains that during sex, bacteria from the bowel, most often E. coli, can move into the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body. In women, the urethra is shorter than in men. This makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder and cause an infection.

Sexual activity increases the chance of bacteria moving into the urinary tract. This is why many women get UTIs after sex. Doctors call these infections “honeymoon cystitis.” The name comes from the fact that new or frequent sexual activity often leads to UTIs.

Friction during sex, the use of certain contraceptives like spermicides or diaphragms, and not enough lubrication can cause small injuries. These injuries make it easier for bacteria to grow and cause infection.

Not every woman will get a UTI after sex. But some women have a pattern of repeated infections. Some risk factors include a history of UTIs, a new sexual partner, or changes in hormones. For example, after menopause, women have less estrogen. This changes the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina and lowers the body’s defenses against infection.

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How to Reduce the Risk of UTIs After Sex

Dr Sharma says, “To reduce the risk of UTIs after sex, preventive strategies must go beyond simply urinating post-coitus.” Good genital hygiene is important. This means washing the area gently with water. Avoid using perfumed soaps or douches, as they can irritate the skin and disrupt the natural balance. Staying well-hydrated helps flush bacteria out of the urinary tract. Drinking plenty of water is a simple but effective way to stay healthy.

Women who get UTIs often may need extra help. Dr Sharma explains, “Women prone to recurrent infections may benefit from targeted interventions. These can include prophylactic antibiotics, cranberry extract, or the use of vaginal estrogen in cases of atrophic vaginitis.”

It is important to see a doctor if you have symptoms of a UTI. These include pain or burning when you urinate, needing to urinate often, or cloudy or strong-smelling urine. Self-treatment is not enough. A doctor can do a urine test to find out which bacteria are causing the infection and which antibiotic will work best.

A study published in the Journal of Women’s Health found that sexual activity is a leading risk factor for UTIs in young women. The study showed that women who have sex more often are more likely to get UTIs. The risk is also higher if a woman has a new sexual partner or uses certain types of contraceptives.

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Conclusion

Sexual health and urinary health are closely linked in women. Understanding this connection helps you take steps to stay healthy. Good hygiene, staying hydrated, and talking to your doctor can help prevent UTIs. Most women can enjoy a healthy sex life without the worry of repeated infections. With proper attention and management, most women can enjoy a healthy sex life without the frequent interruption of urinary infections.