Discomfort in the chest and throat, regurgitation, where sour or bitter-tasting stomach acid backs up into the throat, bloating and excessive belching, are all signs of acidity. As far as chest pain is concerned, is it also a symptom of heart attack? But are heartburn and heart attack directly related in any way? Dr Bhupendra Singh, Consultant Cardiologist, Manipal Hospital, Ghaziabad, answers.
Also Read: Changes To Bring Into Your Life After Surviving A Heart Attack
What Causes Acidity?
Acidity is a digestive condition characterised by the backward flow of stomach acid into the oesophagus. Here are some causes of acidity:
- Eating spicy, fatty, or acidic foods, as well as consuming large meals or lying down right after eating, can trigger acidity.
- Smoking, consuming alcohol, and obesity can increase the risk of acidity.
- This occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes into the chest cavity, which can lead to acid reflux.
- Hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach during pregnancy can cause acid reflux.
- Some drugs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, certain muscle relaxers, and blood pressure medications, can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), allowing acid to flow back into the oesophagus.
- Conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and gastroparesis can contribute to chronic acidity.
- High levels of stress and anxiety can exacerbate acidity symptoms.
- Chocolate, citrus fruits, tomatoes, mint, onions, and caffeine can relax the LES and contribute to acid reflux.
- Going to bed on a full stomach can increase the risk of acidity symptoms, as lying down makes it easier for stomach acid to flow into the oesophagus.
- Wearing tight belts or clothing that puts pressure on the abdomen can promote acid reflux.
Can Acidity Be A Sign Of Heart Attack?
“Acidity can sometimes be a sign of a heart attack, although it is not a definitive symptom,” says Dr Singh, adding, “Some people, particularly women, may experience symptoms that mimic heartburn or indigestion. This can lead to confusion or delayed recognition of a heart attack.”
Therefore, while acidity can cause chest discomfort, it is essential to differentiate between the two conditions because a heart attack is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention. If you are unsure about the cause of your symptoms and suspect a heart attack, it is always safer to seek medical help promptly by calling emergency services or going to the nearest emergency room.
Also Read: Heart-Healthy Choices To Make If You Have A Family History Of Heart Disease
How To Differentiate Between Chest Pain Related To Acidity Vs Heart Attack
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for an estimated 1.79 crore deaths each year. "More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes, and one third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age," the global health body adds.
Severe case of acidity, also known as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, with a prevalence of approximately 20% of adults in western culture, as per research published in StatsPearls Publishing.
According to Dr Singh, both heartburn and a heart attack can produce significant chest pain. “A significant difference is that a heart attack typically feels like pressure, tightness, or squeezing rather than pain. The sensation may spread to the left shoulder, arm, and neck. Heartburn feels more like a burning sensation and may spread to the throat.”
“Another difference is that heartburn normally creates a burning sensation or discomfort in the upper abdomen or lower chest, whereas chest pain from a heart attack is more central or left-sided and may spread to the neck, chin, left shoulder, or down the left arm,” he adds.
Other Warning Signs Of Heart Attack To Note
Some heart attacks are sudden and intense, while others can start slowly with mild pain or discomfort. Some warning signs of a heart attack include:
- Discomfort in the centre of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or it may go away and then return. It may feel like pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain
- Other upper-body discomfort include pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach
- Shortness of breath can occur with or without chest pain
- Other symptoms include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea, and lightheadedness
Bottomline
It's essential to identify and address the specific causes of chest pain. This can include both acidity and heart attack. While lifestyle modifications and dietary changes, along with certain medications if necessary, can help alleviate acidity, persistent chest pain along with other issues may need medical intervention. Consult a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and guidance.