Are Steroids Safe in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy? What Pregnant Women Need to Know

Why Are Steroids Given in Pregnancy?

Dr Bandita Sinha, Consultant, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Navi Mumbai, explains, “Steroids are sometimes given during pregnancy, not to build muscle, but to help the baby’s lungs if there is a chance of early delivery. These are called corticosteroids, like betamethasone or dexamethasone.”

Doctors may recommend steroids if they think the baby could be born too soon, usually between 24 and 34 weeks of pregnancy. Premature babies often have trouble breathing because their lungs are not fully developed. Steroids help the baby’s lungs mature faster, which lowers the risk of breathing problems after birth.

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Are Steroids Safe in the Third Trimester?

Yes, steroids are considered safe in the third trimester, but mainly up to 34 weeks. After 34 weeks, most babies’ lungs are developed enough, so steroids are usually not needed. Dr Sinha says, “Steroids are most helpful if given 24 to 48 hours before a possible early birth. They can make a big difference for the baby’s health.”

A single course of steroids is safe for the mother and baby. Some mothers may have minor side effects, like pain at the injection site or a short-term rise in blood sugar. This is watched closely, especially in women with diabetes.

What Should Pregnant Women Know?

• Steroids are only given if there is a real risk of early delivery.
• They work best if given 24 to 48 hours before the baby is born.
• Most doctors do not use steroids after 34 weeks because the baby’s lungs are usually mature by then.
• If you have diabetes, your doctor will watch your blood sugar levels closely while you get steroids.
• Always talk openly with your doctor if you have questions or worries.

Dr Sinha adds, “If your doctor recommends steroids, it’s to protect your baby’s health. Don’t hesitate to ask questions and understand why they are needed.”

What Does Research Say?

A study by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists found that treatment with steroids between 22 and 35 weeks is likely to be safe and helpful for the baby. No long-term harm has been shown, though there may be some minor side effects for the mother, like increased blood sugar. The study also notes that the benefits are greatest if the last dose is given 24 hours to one week before birth.

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Conclusion

Steroids in pregnancy are not for muscle building, but to help the baby’s lungs if there’s a risk of early birth. They are safe and effective in the third trimester, mostly up to 34 weeks. If your doctor suggests steroids, it is to give your baby the best start. Always discuss any concerns with your doctor and follow their advice for a healthy pregnancy.