Why Wounds Of Diabetic People Don’t Heal Easily? Here Are Some Tips To Keep In Mind

Wound healing is a complex and delicate process. It is observed that in the case of diabetic people often face challenges in healing wounds, and understanding the reasons behind this issue is important. 

The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that 77 million persons over the age of 18 have diabetes, while 25 million are pre-diabetics.

Why Do Wounds in Diabetic People Heal Slowly?

Poor Blood Circulation

Diabetes can damage blood vessels, reducing blood flow to various parts of the body, including the extremities. Adequate blood supply is essential for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the wound site, promoting healing. Reduced circulation can impede this process.

As per research, diabetes patients are twice as likely to develop peripheral vascular disease, a condition characterised by impaired circulation. Type 2 diabetes was seen in 49.7% of patients with peripheral vascular disease. 

Neuropathy

“Diabetes is an established cause of nerve injury. This is referred to as 'diabetic neuropathy.' It starts with moderate symptoms but can grow to the point where daily activities are severely limited. Diabetes patients should learn to recognise the early symptoms of diabetic neuropathy because it is difficult to detect in its early stages,” said Dr Sachin Pawar, Head of Medical Affairs-India Cluster, Procter and Gamble Health. 

Diabetic neuropathy, nerve damage resulting from high blood sugar levels, can diminish the ability to feel pain or discomfort in the affected area. This lack of sensation may lead to delayed wound detection, allowing minor injuries to progress into more severe wounds.

Weakened Immune System

Diabetes can weaken the immune system, making it harder for the body to combat infections that can hinder the healing process. Infections in wounds can lead to delayed healing or, in severe cases, amputation.

Also read: Prevalence of Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

High Blood Sugar Levels

Elevated blood sugar levels in diabetics can impair white blood cell function, which is essential for fighting infection. Persistent hyperglycemia can also interfere with the production of growth factors and collagen, vital components of the wound healing process.

Tips for Wound Care For Those Are Diabetic 

Monitor Blood Sugar Levels

Keeping blood sugar levels within target ranges is vital for promoting optimal wound healing. Follow your healthcare provider's recommendations for managing your diabetes, including medication and lifestyle changes.

Proper Wound Cleaning

Clean the wound gently with mild soap and water. Avoid using hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, as they can delay healing and irritate the skin. Pat the area dry with a clean, soft cloth.

Protect the Wound

Cover the wound with a sterile bandage or dressing to prevent contamination and infection. Change dressings as instructed by your healthcare provider.

Avoid Pressure and Friction

Minimise pressure on the wound by choosing appropriate footwear and clothing. Avoid tight shoes or clothing that may rub against the wound. Opt for shoes with cushioning and support.

Regular Wound Inspections

Check the wound daily for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, increased pain, or discharge. If you notice any of these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Quit Smoking

Smoking can further impair circulation and slow down wound healing. If you smoke, consider quitting or seeking support to quit.

Follow Medical Advice

Consult with your doctor about your wound and follow their advice. In severe cases, they may offer topical therapies, antibiotics, or surgical surgery.

Also read: Avoid Diabetes Complications: Expert Lists Lifestyle Tips You Should Follow

Diabetics must be proactive in wound care and watch for changes in their wounds. Early detection and treatment can greatly improve the odds of good wound healing and avoid complications.