Have you ever looked in the mirror and noticed your teeth looking a little less white than you’d like? Discoloured teeth are a common issue, and while they can be frustrating, they’re often a sign of everyday habits, dietary choices, or even natural ageing. But did you know that something as simple as sipping tea or skipping a nighttime brushing routine can affect the colour of your teeth?
To help you understand why this happens and how to tackle it, we spoke with Dr Gunita Singh, BDS, MD Dental Lasers, Delhi, who broke down the most common causes of tooth discolouration. From lifestyle habits to medical factors, she explains it all!
1. Poor Oral Hygiene
"Discolouration of teeth is very common as they are the first point of contact to any food item or consumable that enters our system," says Dr Singh. One of the most frequent causes of yellow or stained teeth is poor oral hygiene. "If proper brushing and flossing are not practised, debris accumulates on the tooth surface. Over time, this debris hardens into plaque and then tartar, making teeth look yellow and dirty," she adds. Regular dental cleaning and maintaining a strict oral care routine can help mitigate this issue.
2. Diet and Staining Foods
Certain foods and beverages are known culprits behind tooth staining. "Consuming dark-coloured items like coffee, tea, red wine, and sauces can cause stains over time," Dr Singh points out. A recent trend, particularly in health-conscious circles, involves consuming turmeric shots and herbal concoctions like kadhas. "While beneficial for overall health, these can stain teeth significantly," she warns.
Also read: Teeth Whitening Strips: Do They Work Or Are They Dangerous
3. Tobacco Use
Smoking or using tobacco products is one of the most significant contributors to tooth discolouration. "Tobacco not only stains teeth but can also lead to deeper oral health issues," explains Dr Singh. The nicotine and tar in tobacco seep into the enamel, creating stubborn yellow or brown stains.
4. Ageing and Enamel Wear
As we age, it’s natural for the outer enamel of our teeth to wear down, revealing the yellowish dentin underneath. "Ageing is an unavoidable cause of discoloured teeth. This natural process becomes more evident if oral hygiene isn’t maintained," notes Dr Singh.
5. Acidity and Enamel Erosion
Acidity, stemming from conditions like acid reflux, can accelerate enamel wear. "The acid reflux in the mouth wears off the enamel completely, exposing the dentin layer and leading to discolouration," Dr Singh highlights. People with frequent acidity issues should be particularly cautious about their oral health.
Also read: How Can Overbrushing Harm Your Teeth? Doctor Explains
6. Illness and Medications
Certain illnesses, such as celiac disease and calcium deficiencies, can cause intrinsic stains on teeth that are hard to treat. "Additionally, specific medications can lead to staining," Dr Singh mentions, citing that some antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs are known to cause discolouration.
7. Excessive Use of Fluoride
Dr Singh warns about the overuse of fluoride-based products. "Excessive fluoride can lead to a condition called fluorosis, causing white spots and enamel damage that can make teeth more prone to staining."
8. Environmental Pollution
"We have a new enemy in the town, and that is pollution," Dr Singh says. Pollutants, especially airborne toxins like dioxins, can settle on teeth, forming a yellow-brown layer that dulls their appearance.
9. Nighttime Habits and Dark Chocolate
Even small habits, like eating dark chocolate before bed, can contribute to staining. "If you eat dark chocolate at night and fail to brush your teeth before sleeping, this can lead to discoloration over time," cautions Dr Singh.
Discoloured teeth are often a mix of lifestyle choices, environmental factors, and natural processes. Dr Gunita Singh’s insights underscore the importance of good oral hygiene, mindful eating habits, and addressing medical conditions promptly. By being proactive, most causes of tooth discolouration can be avoided, ensuring a bright and confident smile.