Having sensations of rapid, irregular, or forceful heartbeats, often felt as thumping, fluttering, or pounding in the chest, refers to heart palpitations. These can be scary and upsetting, but are usually harmless. Most of us experience it from time to time either due to strenuous activities or during a worrying situation. It often passes swiftly, but for some people, it may last longer. So how do you know if heart palpitations are normal or serious? Dr Subrat Akhoury, Director-Cath Lab and Interventional Cardiologist and Head, Asian Hospital, Faridabad, sheds light.
Common Causes Of Heart Palpitations
Heart palpitations can be triggered by various reasons, including:
- Elevated stress levels or anxiety
- Engaging in exercise or strenuous physical activities
- Overconsumption of caffeine or other stimulants
- Some medications, such as decongestants and asthma inhalers
- Underlying medical conditions like arrhythmias, heart valve disorders, or thyroid issues
According to research, palpitations are one of the most reported symptoms to emergency departments, primary care providers, or cardiologists. In fact, a study found that 16% of patients who visited primary care providers complained of palpitations.
When Are Heart Palpitations Normal And Unalarming
Every time you have a racing heart, you need not be alarmed. It's important to note that heart palpitations are not always concerning; they can be a common and benign occurrence.
Dr Akhoury says, “During exercise or vigorous physical activity, it is normal for your heart rate to increase. Palpitations in this context fade as your heart rate returns to its resting state.”
Another non-life-threatening cause of heart palpitations is high stress situations, such as public speaking or sudden fright. These palpitations usually dissipate once the stressor subsides, says the doctor.
In some people, excessive consumption of caffeine or alcohol may temporarily lead to palpitations, but they often resolve as these substances are metabolised.
Lastly, if you’re pregnant, you may experience palpitations due to hormonal fluctuations and increased blood volume. These palpitations are generally harmless but should still be discussed with your doctor, advises Dr Akhoury.
Also Read: What Does It Mean To Have A Healthy Heart Rate? Expert Answers
When Should You Take Heart Palpitations Seriously
Most heart palpitations are harmless. However, there are instances where they should not be overlooked. These include:
- Persistent or recurrent heart palpitations
- Palpitations accompanied by chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, or nausea; requires immediate medical attention
- Individuals with a history of heart conditions like arrhythmias or structural heart abnormalities
- Sudden onset of heart palpitations or if your existing palpitations intensify in severity or frequency
Dr Akhoury says, “Heart palpitations can be a normal response to various situations and factors such as stress, physical activity, or caffeine intake. Nonetheless, when coupled with warning signs like chest pain, dizziness, or fainting, they may signal a more significant health concern. In such cases, it is imperative to consult a healthcare professional promptly.”
“Your cardiac health should never be taken lightly, and seeking early medical evaluation can help prevent potential complications,” he concludes.