Eczema, a common skin condition, accounts for a significant percentage of new patients in dermatology clinics. Characterised by symptoms like itching, redness, oozing, scaling, and crust formation, eczema is not only discomforting but also misunderstood by many. In this article, we will explore the various types of eczema, its common symptoms, and practical solutions for prevention and treatment.
We spoke to our expert Dr Deepti Rana, Senior Consultant, Dermatology, Max Multi Speciality Centre, Panchsheel Park as she shares a comprehensive guide to understanding and alleviating eczema symptoms. Here is what she shared with us.
Types of Eczema
1. Contact Dermatitis
Caused by constant exposure to certain substances.
Prevention: Identify and avoid contact with triggering substances.
2. Photodermatitis
Triggered by exposure to sunlight.
Prevention: Use sunscreen and protective clothing when exposed to the sun.
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3. Seborrheic Dermatitis
Mainly affects the scalp.
Prevention: Use mild shampoos and practise good scalp hygiene.
4. Atopic Dermatitis
Common in children, characterised by severe itching and dry skin.
Prevention: Identify and avoid trigger foods, moisturise regularly.
5. Nummular Dermatitis
Coin-shaped lesions, often exacerbated by cold weather.
Prevention: Keep the skin well-moisturised, especially in winter.
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6. Dyshidrotic Eczema/Pompholyx
Small, itchy blisters on hands and feet.
Prevention: Keep hands and feet dry, avoid irritants.
7. Neurodermatitis/Lichen Simplex Chronicus
Results from prolonged itching at the same site.
Prevention: Manage stress, seek medical advice for persistent itching.
8. Stasis Dermatitis
Due to prolonged pooling of blood, often associated with varicose veins.
Prevention: Manage underlying venous issues, elevate legs when possible.
Also Read: Understanding Digestive Health: Expert Shares 7 Common Issues and Solutions
Common Misconceptions
Many people mistakenly identify eczema as a fungal infection and resort to over-the-counter medications. It is crucial to differentiate between various skin conditions and seek professional advice for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Prevention and Treatment
1. Avoid Irritants
Refrain from using very hot water, direct exposure to woollens, blankets, heaters, and blowers. Avoid harsh loofah and excessive rubbing or scratching.
2. Identify Triggers
Recognize substances or materials causing the rash and minimise exposure.
3. Moisturise Regularly
Keep the skin well-hydrated with fragrance-free moisturisers.
4. Hydrate Well
Drink an adequate amount of water to maintain skin hydration from within.
Bottomline
Eczema, though common, can be effectively managed through a combination of preventive measures and targeted treatments. Understanding the different types of eczema and adopting a proactive approach to skin care can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals dealing with this condition. If symptoms persist, seeking professional medical advice is essential for accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment plans.