Hip replacement surgery has seen significant advancements in recent years, and one of the latest and technologically advanced approaches is the direct anterior approach. This method involves making a minimal incision on the front of the hip joint, resulting in fewer muscle damages during surgery.
In contrast to the traditional posterior or lateral approaches that require cutting multiple hip muscles, the direct anterior approach offers various benefits such as reduced pain, diminished limping, and a faster recovery.
To know more about the direct anterior approach, we spoke to Dr Narayan Hulse, Director - Department of Orthopedics, Bone & Joint Surgery, Fortis Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore.
Smaller Incision, Improved Cosmesis, and Reduced Muscle Damage
Compared to conventional hip replacement techniques, the direct anterior approach results in a significantly smaller scar, typically half the size. This cosmetic advantage appeals to many patients seeking a more aesthetically pleasing outcome. By accessing the hip joint from the front, surgeons can avoid cutting major muscles since the hip joint lies just beneath the skin. As a result, patients experience less pain and muscle trauma, leading to a quicker rehabilitation period.
Enhanced Accuracy through Imaging and Robotics
A distinguishing feature of the direct anterior approach is the ability to use advanced imaging techniques and robotic assistance. During the surgery, surgeons can perform a normal X-ray of the hip, providing a precise confirmation of the hip's position. This method offers superior accuracy compared to other approaches. Furthermore, utilising Mako Robotics, a popular robotic system for hip replacement surgery, enhances the precision of the procedure.
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Mako Robotics
According to research, Mako Robotics utilises preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans to create a virtual model of the patient's hip. This virtual model allows surgeons to calculate different rotations, access points, and angles for the hip replacements. The robotic arm then reproduces these calculations on the patient's body during the surgery, ensuring a more accurate placement of the hip components. By leveraging this technology, the direct anterior approach with Mako Robotics minimises errors and enhances surgical outcomes.
Reduced Leg Length Discrepancy
Another significant advantage of the direct anterior approach is the ability to accurately assess and address leg length discrepancy. This is achieved by precisely measuring the leg length during surgery, reducing the likelihood of complications associated with unequal leg lengths. The direct anterior approach provides a high level of accuracy in achieving proper leg length alignment, contributing to improved patient satisfaction and functionality.
Growing Popularity and Patient Satisfaction
The direct anterior approach with Mako robotic hip replacement surgery is gaining popularity, particularly in Western countries. Its technological advancements and superior outcomes have led to increased adoption in various medical institutions. In a hospital where this approach has been introduced, approximately 15 to 20 patients have undergone the procedure, with overwhelmingly positive feedback from patients who are extremely satisfied with the method.
The Bottomline
The direct anterior approach with Mako robotic hip replacement surgery represents a significant advancement in the field of hip replacement. Its minimally invasive nature, reduced muscle damage, smaller incision, improved cosmesis, enhanced accuracy through imaging, and precise reproduction of hip component position contribute to its status as one of the most technologically advanced methods available today.
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As this approach continues to gain popularity, patients can expect improved surgical outcomes, reduced pain, and a faster recovery, ultimately leading to a better quality of life following hip replacement surgery.