Heartburn is a common digestive issue that affects millions of people globally. It is characterised by a burning feeling in the chest or throat after eating. While occasional heartburn is most often harmless, frequent symptoms can signal problems.
It is not unusual for many individuals to reach for Over-The-Counter (OTC) antacids for relief. But characterised by a burning sensation any dangers with long-term use? In a conversation with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Mrunmaya Panda, Consultant Gastroenterologist, Jupiter Hospital, Baner, Pune, discusses how antacids can be helpful, how to take them properly, and when it may be time to look at other options.
Also Read: Natural Ways to Stop Nighttime Heartburn Before It Ruins Your Sleep
What Causes Heartburn?
Heartburn is usually caused by acid reflux, which is when stomach acid moves back into the oesophagus. Common triggers include foods, such as spicy, fried, or acidic foods; eating too much; lying down shortly after eating; stress; and certain medications.
Indigestion usually makes the problem worse, causing the stomach to secrete more acid than necessary.
Types Of Heartburn Medications
There are several types of medications available to treat heartburn, each working in different ways to manage symptoms and provide comfort. These include:
- Antacids
- H2 Blockers
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Role Of Antacids
According to Dr Panda, antacids are OTC medications that work by neutralising stomach acid, offering quick relief from indigestion-related heartburn.
He says that they are available in pill and liquid forms.
While liquids act faster, tablets are often more convenient. All antacids are generally effective, but they may cause different side effects such as constipation or diarrhoea. Frequent use should be monitored; if you're taking antacids regularly and still experiencing symptoms or side effects, it’s time to consult a doctor.
According to StatPearls Publishing, antacids were once the main treatment for ulcer, however, they are now mainly used for mild Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Research suggests that in North America, up to 28% of people experience weekly heartburn.
Antacids also help with dyspepsia and acid-related issues in kidney disease.
Also Read: Do You Frequently Have Acid Reflux Symptoms? Signs You May Have Erosive Oesophagitis Too
What Is The Correct Way To Take Antacid For Heartburn Relief?
Antacids are best taken about an hour after meals or when heartburn symptoms begin—not with meals. If you experience nighttime symptoms, avoid taking them with food.
For occasional heartburn, follow label instructions carefully. If your symptoms persist or worsen, talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
Can Long Term Use Of Antacids Cause Problems?
Long-term usage of heartburn medications, particularly Protein Pump Inhibitors, can pose certain health problems. These can induce osteoporosis and fractures, magnesium malabsorption and vitamin B12 deficiency, and Clostridium Difficile Associated Disease (CDAD), an infection of the colon, warns Dr Panda.
Therefore, making lifestyle adjustments can help you treat heartburn naturally. While medication is undoubtedly an effective treatment for heartburn, lifestyle adjustments also go a long way to help control symptoms without causing any side effects.
Patients are initially instructed to focus on dietary and lifestyle changes to reduce reflux.
Conclusion
Although heartburn is a common and usually manageable condition, it's worth treating properly to prevent complications in the long run. Antacids can provide rapid relief for infrequent symptoms, but overuse of them or use of them incorrectly can cause side effects or conceal more severe problems.
If symptoms occur even after a change in lifestyle and the use of OTC medications, it's always better to meet a doctor. A balanced strategy, including the use of medication along with dietary and lifestyle changes, is vital to long-term digestive health.