Gout is a form of arthritis that is caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. It is an inflammatory condition that occurs suddenly with many recurrent episodes. A gout attack often begins in the big toe or a lower limb and can include symptoms such as sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness in one or more joints. Unfortunately, there is no cure for the condition. However, there are ways to manage the symptoms with natural or medical intervention.
Also Read: Dealing With Gout? Expert Explains Its Causes, Symptoms, And Tips For Management
Factors That Increase Your Risk Of Gout
It may be interesting to know that gout was once referred to as the 'disease of the kings' as it was mostly associated with rich foods and alcohol consumption that only the wealthy could afford. But not anymore.
In today's world, anyone can develop gout. In fact, a study published in the journal Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism reported that gout cases have more than doubled worldwide since 1990. In 2019 alone, there were over 5.3 crore prevalent cases.
As per the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), gout is generally caused by a condition known as hyperuricemia, which is characterised by high uric acid levels in the body.
"The body makes uric acid when it breaks down purines, which are found in your body and the foods you eat. When there is too much uric acid in the body, uric acid crystals can build up in joints, fluids, and tissues within the body," the health body explains, adding that hyperuricemia does not always cause gout.
Some of the factors that contribute to high uric acid levels and the development of gout include:
- Eating too many purine-rich foods, such as red meat and some kinds of fish, especially scallops, sardines, and tuna.
- Having foods and drinks sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup.
- Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, especially beer.
- Being obese or overweight causes your body to produce more uric acid.
- Having a family history of gout.
- Having certain chronic conditions, including diabetes, obesity, and heart or kidney disease.
- Taking high blood pressure drugs, such as diuretics and beta blockers.
- Having an imbalance in the gut microbiome.
Also Read: High Level Of Uric Acid: Know What Food Help To Regulate It
How To Naturally Reduce Uric Acid Levels In Your Body
While there is no cure for gout, there are ways to manage the symptoms and lower uric acid levels in the body. These include:
- Limiting purine-rich foods and drinks, including red meat, seafood, shellfish, and foods and drinks with high fructose corn syrup
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Drinking plenty of water
- Avoiding medications that raise uric acid levels, such as diuretics and drugs that suppress the immune system
- Increasing vitamin C intake
- Eating fibre-rich foods like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, if you experience a gout flare, you can also reduce symptoms by applying ice to the affected area, elevating the affected limb, or resting the affected joint.
It is also always advisable to consult your doctor before making any changes to your diet or medications.