Social media influencer and actor Kusha Kapila has, on many occasions, opened up about her mental health journey. She has been vocal about her diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and high-functioning depression.
In a recent podcast interview, she even revealed that her therapist identified traits in her that were 'very similar' to a form of depression.
So what is high-functioning depression? Is it the same as clinical depression? How do we identify whether we have it or not, and are there any treatment approaches? Dr Divya Shree K R, Consultant – Psychiatrist, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, helps us answer all of these questions.
Also Read: #MentalHealthMatters: What Is Depression? Explained
What Is High-Functioning Depression?
Depression is a common mood disorder affecting millions of people around the world, says Dr Shree. The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that approximately 28 crore people worldwide suffer from depression, with a higher prevalence in women than men.
Dr Shree notes that while some experience severe symptoms that disrupt daily life, others face a less noticeable form called high-functioning depression.
She explains, “High-functioning depression presents with similar symptoms as regular depression, but they tend to be milder and don't significantly impair daily activities.”
According to her, people with this condition can maintain jobs, relationships, and social lives despite experiencing an internal struggle.
It is important to note that high-functioning depression is not recognised as a clinical disorder by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR), which is a reference book on mental health and brain-related conditions and disorders. Instead, it is a lay term used to describe a subtle form of depressive disorder.
How Is It Different From Clinical Depression?
Dr Shree says, “Clinical depression, diagnosed as Major Depressive Disorder, involves more severe symptoms that noticeably impact daily functioning. Individuals might struggle with work, relationships, or maintaining basic routines.”
On the other hand, high-functioning depression shares similar symptoms that are less disruptive, she adds.
Signs Of High-Functioning Depression
Some of the key indicators and signs of high-functioning depression include the following:
- Feeling low, down, or sad most of the day.
- Lack of interest and decreased enjoyment in previously loved activities.
- Change in eating habits, which could be more or less than usual, and inability to sleep
- Low self-esteem or feeling guilty.
- Difficulty concentrating, increased forgetfulness, and/or trouble focusing.
- Increased irritability and frustration
- Fatigue and lack of energy, feeling drained, and lack of motivation
- Disconnect from society, and loved ones prefer staying alone.
- Unexplained crying spells
Looking After Yourself And Seeking Help
According to Dr Shress, high-functioning depression has been an ever-present issue in recent times. Therefore, it is important to recognise the signs, seek help and support, and undergo therapies if needed. Some of the treatment approaches include:
- Psychotherapy and counselling
- Practice mindfulness and relaxation techniques.
- Exercise and physical activity
- Social support and relationships
Other ways to take care of yourself include:
- Try to do some exercise every day, even if this is just a 10-minute walk outside in the fresh air.
- Ensure you have a balanced diet and drink plenty of water.
- Try to challenge your negative thoughts. This can help promote positive thinking.
- Avoid staying alone, and try to mingle with others. It is important to maintain support.
- network to communicate how you feel.
- Listen to music. Spend time with a pet.
- Develop a hobby, which could be reading or cooking.
Conclusion
Depression can affect anyone, irrespective of age, gender, social status, financial standing, race, caste, and more. Some people with depression may not always show signs; sometimes they can even be highly functional, quick with their jobs and daily tasks, and still have the condition. It is important to understand that depression is neither a weakness nor a personality trait. If you’re struggling with the condition, it is crucial to seek help and professional support. You can also speak with a trusted friend or family member who can help you in your mental health journey.
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your expert if you are dealing with any mental health conditions to get the necessary treatment.