Stomach cancer is caused by a mix of habits and lifestyle factors. While particular reasons vary, many practices and factors can elevate the risk of stomach cancer.
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, will kill 769,000 people globally in 2020.Here are some habits that are linked to an increased risk of stomach cancer:
Helicobacter pylori Infection
“Infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a significant risk factor for stomach cancer. This bacterium can cause inflammation of the stomach lining, potentially leading to the development of cancer over time,” said Dr Nitish Ranjan Acharya, Surgical Oncology, HCG Panda Cancer Hospital, Cuttack.
Smoking Tobacco On A Regular Basis
“Smoking tobacco increases the risk of stomach cancer. The harmful substances in tobacco smoke can affect the stomach lining and contribute to the development of cancerous cells,” Dr Ranjan added.
Heavy Alcohol Consumption
Excessive alcohol consumption elevates the risk of stomach cancer. Chronic alcohol use can irritate and damage the stomach lining, increasing susceptibility to cancer.
Dietary Factors
Diets that are high in salted, smoked, or pickled foods may contribute to an increased risk of stomach cancer. Also, a diet low in fruits and vegetables, which are rich in antioxidants and protective nutrients, may be a contributing factor.
Obesity
Being overweight can cause stomach cancer, including stomach cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise is important for overall health.
Family History and Genetics
A family history of stomach cancer or certain genetic factors may increase an individual's susceptibility to the disease. If there is a history of stomach cancer in your family, it's essential to discuss it with your healthcare provider.
Previous History of Stomach Surgery
People who have undergone certain types of stomach surgery, such as removal of part of the stomach (gastrectomy), may have an increased risk of developing stomach cancer.
Pernicious Anaemia
Pernicious anaemia, a condition in which the body cannot absorb vitamin B12 properly, has been associated with an increased risk of stomach cancer.
Chronic Gastritis
Chronic inflammation of the stomach lining (chronic gastritis) may increase the risk of stomach cancer. This inflammation can be caused by factors such as H. pylori infection or long-term use of certain medications.
Age and Gender
Stomach cancer is more common in older individuals, and men are generally at a higher risk than women.
It's important to note that addressing risk factors, such as adopting a healthy diet, not smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption, can contribute to overall well-being and may help reduce the risk of stomach cancer.
Early detection and prompt treatment of H. pylori infections or other stomach-related issues can play a preventive role.
If you are concerned about your risk of stomach cancer, you should see a doctor for specific advice and risk assessment. Risk factors and medical history may necessitate regular check-ups and screenings.