Stomach cancer, or gastric cancer, is becoming an increasing health concern in India, with cases on the rise in recent years. But why is this happening? With changing diets, a shift towards sedentary lifestyles, and rising stress levels, the factors behind this increase are more complex than we might think. We spoke to our expert Dr Aravind Badiger, Technical Director, BDR Pharmaceuticals, who explained why stomach cancer is becoming a serious concern and what we can do to prevent it.
According to the National Cancer Institute, Stomach (gastric) cancer begins in the cells that line the stomach, an organ located on the left side of the upper abdomen responsible for digesting food. The stomach is an essential component of the digestive system, a series of hollow, muscular organs forming a long, twisting pathway from the mouth to the anus.
Unhealthy Dietary Habits
“The traditional Indian diet, once rich in fresh vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, has given way to processed and junk foods. This shift has led to an increased consumption of unhealthy fats, sugars, and sodium,” said Dr Badiger. Furthermore, the widespread consumption of preserved and pickled foods has been linked to an increased risk of stomach cancer.
The Role of Helicobacter Pylori Infection
Helicobacter pylori infection is a major contributor to stomach cancer risk. This bacterium resides in the stomachs of millions globally and significantly increases the likelihood of developing gastric cancer if not treated. In India, the prevalence of H. pylori infection is particularly high, with many people unaware they are infected.
Also Read: Can H. Pylori Increase The Risk Of Stomach Cancer? Expert Explains
Sedentary Lifestyle and Stress
The increasing prevalence of stomach cancer has also been linked to today’s sedentary lifestyle. According to a 2024 study, chronic stress can speed up the progression of gastric cancer and lead to poorer outcomes.
“The transition from active outdoor routines to desk jobs, extended screen time, and limited physical activity has led to a rise in obesity rates across India. Additionally, chronic stress has been linked to an increased risk of stomach cancer, as it can contribute to the development of ulcers, acid reflux, and other stomach-related problems,” added Dr Badiger.
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Other Risk Factors
Smoking and alcohol use are well-known risk factors for gastric cancer. Genetic predisposition also plays a role in the rise of stomach cancer cases, with a family history of stomach cancer significantly increasing the risk of developing the disease.
According to a 2011 study, smokers had a significantly higher risk of gastric cancer compared to nonsmokers, even after accounting for alcohol intake and other factors. Among nondrinkers, smokers had an 80% higher risk. On the other hand, heavy drinkers showed a significant increase in gastric cancer risk across all subjects, with an 80% higher risk among those who never smoked, though this increase was not statistically significant.
Addressing the Issue
To combat the rising cases of stomach cancer in India, it is essential to promote awareness about the risk factors and encourage healthy lifestyle changes.
Dr Badiger concluded, “Public health campaigns should focus on educating the population about the dangers of processed foods, excessive salt, and alcohol consumption, while also highlighting the importance of physical activity, stress management, and regular medical check-ups. Timely detection through screenings and H. pylori testing can be crucial in minimising the burden of stomach cancer in India.”
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your professional if you are dealing with any health issues to avoid complications.]