Pregnancy brings along a myriad of changes in the body. Due to the hormonal fluctuations, there are several physiological adjustments that lead to a combination of symptoms. Morning sickness, involving nausea and vomiting, is one such pregnancy symptom that occurs during the first trimester. About 70–80% of all pregnant women experience the condition, according to a 2011 study published in the journal Gastroenterology Clinics of North America.
While it is a natural process and there isn’t much you can do about it, eating the right foods and paying attention to your nutrition can help alleviate the symptoms. Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Mukti Harne Paithankar, Consultant-OBGY, Infertility Specialist, and Laparoscopic Surgeon, Manipal Hospital, Gurugram, shed light on the same.
Also Read: What Are The Causes Of Heartburn During Pregnancy? Know How To Treat It From An Expert
What Causes Nausea During Pregnancy
Morning sickness is a common symptom of pregnancy, the intensity of which varies from patient to patient, said Dr Paithankar.
She added, "Hyperemesis, or excessive nausea, can be seen in molar pregnancy and twin pregnancy and can be corrected medically with the support of IV fluids."
While the exact cause of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is unknown, the doctor attributes it to an increase in the level of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), which is a hormone produced during pregnancy.
Role Of Diet
Diet can play a significant role in managing morning sickness during pregnancy. While there is no one-size-fits-all solution, certain dietary strategies, such as eating smaller, more frequent meals, staying hydrated, avoiding trigger foods, and maintaining a high nutritional profile, can help reduce the risk.
Experts also recommend trying bland foods to reduce morning sickness. The BRATT diet, which includes bananas, rice, applesauce, toast, and tea, is a low-fat, easy-to-digest diet recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (ACOG).
Foods To Eat
Here are some foods to prevent and alleviate morning sickness:
- Ginger
- Whole grains, crackers, and cereals
- Nuts and seeds
- Yoghurt
- Fresh, hydrating fruits like watermelon and cucumber
- Cooked or raw vegetables, such as carrots, cucumbers, and bell peppers
- Lemon
- Herbal teas
- Bland soups that are gentle on the stomach
- Plain white or brown rice
- Dry biscuits, rusks, and small candies (amla, ginger)
Foods To Avoid
Here are some foods to avoid during pregnancy:
- Spicy foods that may irritate the stomach
- Strong-smelling foods, including certain types of fish and fried foods
- High-fat and greasy foods
- Acidic foods
- Caffeine
- Carbonated drinks
- Sugary foods
- Processed and high-sodium foods
- Raw or undercooked foods
- Dairy (if lactose-intolerant)
- Alcohol
How Long Does Pregnancy Nausea Last?
Morning sickness usually peaks during the first trimester of pregnancy, generally between weeks 6 and 12. However, it can start as early as the first few weeks of pregnancy and may gradually improve by the end of the first trimester or early in the second trimester. In some cases, it may persist longer.
Conclusion
A balanced diet can significantly alleviate morning sickness, nausea, and vomiting. One must opt for small, frequent meals rich in essential nutrients, stay hydrated, and avoid trigger foods such as spicy, fatty, and acidic foods. In cases of severe nausea during pregnancy, it is crucial to consult with healthcare providers and seek their advice.