Managing thalassemia requires regular medical monitoring and, in certain situations, specialist medications in addition to dietary considerations. For example, blood transfusions can help restore the required red blood cells and reduce severe symptoms of the illness but repeated transfusions can cause iron overload, which requires chelation therapy to flush out extra iron from the body and safeguard vital organs. In addition, thalassemia patients might benefit from continued medical care to address potential side effects including hormone imbalance and cardiac problems. With the combination of taking comprehensive medical care and adopting nutritional measures, people with thalassemia can achieve optimal health and quality of life. Read on as Dr Sriraksha, Pediatric Hematologist & Oncologist at Rainbow Children's Hospital Marathahalli, Bangalore shares a list of essential nutrients that must be included in a thalassemia patient’s diet.
What is Thalassemia?
To begin with, Dr Sriraksha defines thalassemia as, “Thalassemia, a genetic blood disorder, results in insufficient or abnormal haemoglobin production, leading to anaemia and fatigue. While mild cases may not require regular intervention, severe forms may necessitate treatments like blood transfusions.”
An important part of managing thalassemia is making informed dietary choices. It is recommended that patients consume a well-balanced diet that should be rich in nutrients such as folate, vitamin C, Zinc, Vitamin D and Calcium as these promote the development of red blood cells, bone health and general health.
Also Read: Childhood Thalassemia: 5 Important Facts Every Parent Should Understand
Essential Nutrients For Thalassemia Patients
Here are the top five nutrient-dense foods that you should include in your diet to manage thalassemia:
Milk and Milk products, Egg, Fish, Leafy Greens
These are very rich sources of Vitamin D and Calcium. As children with thalassemia are prone to have weakening of bones and increased risk of fractures, it is necessary to have regular bone health monitoring along with these foods to improve the bone health.
Lean Protein
The best sources of lean protein are fish, poultry, legumes and tofu, to name but a few. These foods provide high-quality protein without excess saturated fat, which can be beneficial for individuals with thalassemia. Protein is necessary for tissue repair and maintenance, supporting overall health and energy levels.
Fortified Foods
Incorporate fortified foods into your diet, such as fortified cereals, bread, and plant-based milk alternatives. These foods are enriched with essential nutrients like vitamin B12, and vitamin D, which are crucial for individuals with thalassemia. Folate and vitamin B12 support red blood cell production, while vitamin D aids in calcium absorption and bone health.
Also Read: What Is The Risk Of Thalassemia In Women Over 30
Fruits and Vegetables
Colourful fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support overall health and well-being. To get ample nutrients, consume a variety of fruits and vegetables. Berries, citrus fruits, bell peppers, and sweet potatoes are particularly rich in vitamin C, which enhances iron elimination and supports immune function.
Whole Grains
Choose whole grains such as brown rice, quinoa, oats, and whole wheat bread to provide a steady source of complex carbohydrates, fibre, and essential nutrients. Fiber helps regulate blood sugar levels and promotes digestive health, while complex carbohydrates provide sustained energy throughout the day.
It is essential to include foods high in nutrients in your diet in order to manage thalassemia and support general health. Foods high in folate, vitamin C, Zinc, Vitamin D, Calcium and other vital nutrients should be prioritised by people with thalassemia in order to improve red blood cell synthesis , improve bone health, lower the risk of problems, and increase energy. In addition, a well-rounded strategy to managing thalassemia involves balanced nutrition in addition to medical procedures like chelation therapy and blood transfusions. Never forget to speak with a medical expert or trained dietitian to customise your diet to your unique requirements and enhance your quality of life while managing thalassemia. People with thalassemia can live happy, healthy lives if they receive the right nutrition and medical care.