Kajal, also known as surma or kohl, is a traditional cosmetic used in many cultures, especially in South Asian and Middle Eastern countries like India. In India, Kajal is not only a cosmetic but it is strongly believed that a ‘Kajal ka tika’ safeguards you from evil eye. Indian moms apply ‘Kajal ka tikas’ on the face, palms, and even on the sole of the toes of their babies to keep the babies shielded from the ‘buri nazar’. However, it is often used to define and enhance the eyes, making them appear larger, brighter, and more expressive. But do you know its impact on eyes?
To get a better understanding of wearing Kajal and how does it impact our eyes, OnlyMyHealth interacted with Dr Sanjana P, Consultant – Ophthalmologist, Cornea, Refractive, and Cataract Surgeon, Dr Agarwals Eye Hospital, Kochi, Kerala.
Formulation of Kajal
The safety of kajal, like any other cosmetic, depends on several factors, including its ingredients, quality, and application method.
Dr Sanjana said, “Traditional kajal or surma contains natural ingredients such as almond oil, castor oil, coconut oil, or ghee (clarified butter), often used to give kajal a smooth texture and help it glide onto the skin. Some kajal formulations may also contain herbal extracts like amla (Indian gooseberry), neem (Indian lilac), or triphala (a blend of three fruits) for their purported medicinal or soothing properties.”
“However, kajal formulations may contain ingredients like lead, which can be harmful if they come into direct contact with the eyes or are absorbed into the body over time. Long-term exposure to lead can cause lead poisoning, affecting various organs, especially eyes,” she added.
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Effects of Wearing Kajal On Eyes
Some modern formulations of kajal also contain preservatives such as parabens or phenoxyethanol to prolong shelf life and prevent microbial growth, which can have harmful side effects. These preservatives, as per a study by the National Institute of Health, can be toxic to corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells, as well as irritate the eye.
Additionally, if kajal is applied inside the waterline too close to the eyes, it can potentially cause severe dry eyes, itching, or irritation. “Our eyelids have 25-30 Meibomian glands or oil glands near the waterline, which play an important role in preventing dry eyes. When blocked with kohl, it can lead to styes, meibomitis, etc. Furthermore, improper use of kajal, such as sharing it with others or using expired products, can increase the risk of eye infections,” Dr Sanjana said.
What to Consider To Minimise Side Effects of Kajal
To minimise any potential risks, it is essential to use high-quality kajal from reputed brands and check the list for any harmful ingredients. Many modern kajal products are formulated with safer ingredients and are designed to be gentle on the eyes. Dr Sanjana has listed down a few tips to minimise the effects of Kajal on our eyes.
- Always apply kajal with clean hands to prevent introducing bacteria into the eye area, which could lead to infections.
- Avoid applying kajal inside the waterline of your eyes, as it can block the oil glands and lead to dryness or irritation. Instead, apply it along the outer edge of your eyelids.
- Make sure to remove kajal before going to bed to prevent any potential irritation or infection.
- Avoid sharing eye makeup products.
- Use high-quality kajal products from reputable brands to minimise the risk of contamination or adverse reactions.
Conclusion
Dr Sanjana advised, “If you experience any discomfort, irritation, or adverse reactions after using kajal, it's best to discontinue use and consult with an eye care professional for guidance.” While kajal can enhance the appearance of the eyes, it's important to prioritise safety and use products responsibly. Overall, if you follow proper hygiene practices, use high-quality products, and pay attention to any signs of discomfort or allergic reactions, applying kajal should not be harmful to your eyes.