We’re now stepping into the warmth of summer, and with changing seasons, infections and illnesses become more likely, particularly in those with a weak immune system. During this time, people not only complain of experiencing cold and flu, but some also experience gut problems, especially episodes of diarrhoea. Is it the food or the weather or something else? The OnlyMyHealth team spoke with Dr Anupama N K, Consultant - Medical Gastroenterology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, to understand how seasonal changes affect the digestive system and what are the do’s and don’ts that can help prevent related issues.
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How Seasonal Changes Impact Gut Health And Digestion
Seasonal changes can affect your gut health in surprising ways.
“In winter, we often eat heavier foods and move less, which can slow digestion and cause bloating or constipation. Summer, on the other hand, brings lighter meals and more hydration, making digestion smoother. Temperature shifts also influence gut bacteria, which play a key role in immunity and metabolism. Cold weather and less sunlight can lower vitamin D levels, impacting digestion and mood,” explained Dr Anupama.
To keep your gut happy, she recommended eating seasonal fruits and vegetables, staying hydrated, and getting enough fibre. A little movement and stress management go a long way too, she added.
Common Causes Of Seasonal Diarrhoea
Seasonal diarrhoea is often triggered by changes in weather, diet, and exposure to infections.
According to Dr Anupama, summer is all about high temperatures and increased humidity, which can create the perfect environment for bacterial growth in food and water, leading to food poisoning or infections like cholera.
Additionally, the monsoon season brings heavy rains that contaminate drinking water, increasing the risk of waterborne illnesses.
In winter, viral infections like norovirus and rotavirus spread more easily, causing stomach bugs.
Moreover, sudden dietary changes, like eating richer foods during festive seasons, can also upset digestion. In such times, staying hydrated, maintaining hygiene, and eating fresh, well-cooked food can help prevent seasonal diarrhoea, the doctor shared.
Also Read: Diarrhoea Emerges As Leading Cause Of Death Among Children Under 5 and Seniors Over 70: Study
Who Is Most At Risk?
Some people are more vulnerable to seasonal diarrhoea than others. This includes young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. Dr Anupama suggested that their bodies struggle more to fight infections caused by seasonal changes.
“In summer and monsoon, poor sanitation and contaminated water increase the risk for people in crowded areas or those without access to clean drinking water. Travellers visiting new regions may also experience ‘traveller’s diarrhoea’ due to unfamiliar bacteria. Cold weather can weaken immunity, making some individuals more prone to viral stomach infections,” she said.
Preventive Steps To Take
Preventing seasonal diarrhoea starts with simple daily habits. These include:
- Always drink clean, filtered water.
- Avoid street food, especially during hot or rainy seasons when bacteria thrive.
- Wash your hands regularly, especially before eating and after using the restroom.
- Eat fresh, well-cooked meals and store food properly to prevent contamination.
- During monsoons, be extra cautious with water sources.
- In winter, strengthen immunity with probiotics and a balanced diet.
- If travelling, stick to bottled water and avoid raw foods.
- Stay hydrated and maintain gut health with fibre-rich foods.
Diet Do’s And Don’ts
Dr Anupama emphasises the role of your diet and hydration in preventing and managing seasonal diarrhoea. Some of the do’s and don’ts include:
- Drink plenty of clean water to flush out toxins.
- Take Oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS) to help restore lost fluids if diarrhoea strikes.
- Eat probiotic-rich foods like yoghurt to support good gut bacteria.
- Include fibre from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- Avoid oily, spicy, or unhygienic street food, especially during hot and rainy seasons when infections are common.
- Stick to freshly cooked, light meals.
- Stay hydrated.
Conclusion
While seasonal changes are inevitable, falling ill doesn't have to be. Understanding how weather, food habits, and hygiene practices play a role can help us stay one step ahead of infections like diarrhoea. By following simple preventive steps, being mindful of our diets, and paying attention to hygiene, we can maintain gut health year-round. As Dr Anupama rightly points out, small lifestyle adjustments, like eating fresh, staying hydrated, and avoiding contamination, can go a long way in keeping your digestive system strong and resilient through every season.