Have you ever experienced tingling or numbness in your hands, especially during activities like typing or gripping objects? It might be a sign of a condition called Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition that causes discomfort, numbness, and tingling sensations in the hand and wrist. It occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the hand, becomes compressed or squeezed as it passes through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway of bones and ligaments at the base of the hand.
According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, farmers, specifically those milking cows, factory, farm, or mechanical workers who wear tight gloves, office workers who regularly use mouse and keyboard, and musicians using a bow for a stringed instrument have a greater risk of developing CTS.
Causes Of CTS
Several factors can contribute to the development of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:
Repetitive Movements
Engaging in repetitive hand and wrist movements, especially without proper ergonomics or breaks, can lead to irritation and inflammation of the tendons within the carpal tunnel.
Wrist Anatomy
People with a smaller carpal tunnel or specific variations in wrist anatomy might be more prone to developing CTS.
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Medical Conditions
Conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders can increase the risk of CTS.
Pregnancy
“Young females who have gained weight after pregnancy, as well as thyroid sufferers, are at a higher risk. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome pain is typically felt in the hand and wrist and can be excruciating, especially at night”, said Dr Debashish Chanda, Lead consultant - Department of Orthopedics, CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can vary in intensity and may include:
Numbness and Tingling
Typically affecting the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring fingers. This sensation often occurs during activities that involve bending the wrist, like holding a phone or reading a book.
Pain
People with CTS may experience aching pain in the hand and wrist, which can sometimes radiate up the forearm.
Weakness
Gripping objects may become difficult due to weakened muscles in the hand.
Nighttime Symptoms
According to Dr Chanda, many people with CTS report more pronounced symptoms during the night, often leading to disrupted sleep.
Symptoms Progression
Over time, if left untreated, symptoms can worsen and lead to permanent numbness and muscle damage.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you suspect you have Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, it's important to seek medical evaluation. A doctor will typically consider your symptoms, medical history, and may conduct tests such as nerve conduction studies or electromyography to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment options may include
Ranging from normal to severe Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is measured on the severity scale. It is explained in the form of grades. 0 being the normal grade and 6 being the extremely severe, it can be treated by prompt intervention of experts.
"Physiotherapy, B12 vitamins, lubrication medication, and wrist icing can all aid in the treatment of grade 1 or 2 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome of grade 3 or above may necessitate surgical or steroid therapy. Physiotherapy, stretching exercises, and ultrasonic laser therapy can all help reduce swelling around the nerves," Dr Chanda suggested.
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Prevention involves maintaining good wrist posture, taking regular breaks from repetitive tasks, and ensuring proper ergonomics at workstations. Early intervention is key to managing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome effectively and preventing long-term nerve damage.