The global fight against measles has taken a concerning turn, with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reporting a staggering rise in cases. In 2023, an estimated 1.3 crore people contracted measles—a preventable disease—with over 1,07,500 lives lost, the majority being children under five years old. This represents a worrying 20% increase compared to the previous year, largely due to inadequate immunisation coverage.
According to WHO, the rising measles cases highlight a gap in vaccine coverage. While 83% of children worldwide received their first dose of the measles vaccine in 2023, only 74% received the second dose. This shortfall has left millions vulnerable to infection, particularly in regions where healthcare access is limited or disrupted.
The consequences of this gap are dire: 57 countries reported large or disruptive outbreaks last year, further emphasising the need for urgent action. “Measles is a highly contagious disease that can lead to severe complications such as pneumonia, brain swelling, blindness, and even death, especially among young children and those with weakened immune systems,” Dr Rajeev Kumar Thapar, HoD, Paediatrics, Sharda Hospital - Noida, told Onlymyhealth.
Also Read: Combatting Measles: Expert Explains Symptoms and Effective Prevention Strategies
Why Is Measles Still A Threat?
After the collective WHO and CDC statement, it is clear that measles remains a global health concern but for several reasons. We asked our expert and here is what he shared with us.
High Contagion Rate: Measles spreads through respiratory droplets and is one of the most infectious diseases, with one infected person potentially spreading the virus to 90% of unvaccinated people around them.
Missed Vaccinations: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine immunisation programs, leaving millions of children without protection against measles.
Vaccine Hesitancy: Misinformation and mistrust in vaccines have further complicated efforts to close the immunisation gap.
Measles: Causes, Symptoms, and Complications
Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by the measles virus, transmitted through respiratory droplets, direct contact, or contaminated surfaces. Here are the common causes, symptoms, and complications, as per experts.
Complications
Measles can lead to ear infections, diarrhoea, and severe conditions such as pneumonia, encephalitis, or, in rare cases, a fatal brain disorder called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). Prompt vaccination is crucial for prevention.
Also Read: Expert Explains When You Need To Nebulise In Case Of Respiratory Problems
How to Stay Protected From Measles?
Protecting yourself and your loved ones from measles is possible with the right measures. Here are some doctor approved tips you may follow:
1. Ensure Complete Vaccination
For Children: Make sure children receive two doses of the measles vaccine according to the immunisation schedule. The first dose is typically given at 9–12 months, and the second dose at 15–18 months or as per your country’s guidelines.
For Adults: If you were never vaccinated or are unsure about your immunisation status, consult a healthcare provider about receiving the vaccine.
2. Maintain Immunisation Records
Keep a record of all vaccines administered to your child. This ensures timely follow-ups and prevents missed doses.
3. Strengthen Public Awareness
Educate your community about the importance of vaccines. Accurate information can counter vaccine hesitancy and encourage more families to immunise their children.
4. Practise Good Hygiene
Measles spreads easily in crowded areas. Teach children to wash their hands frequently, cover their mouths when coughing, and avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms.
5. Seek Medical Attention Promptly
If you or your child develop symptoms such as a high fever, cough, runny nose, or a red rash, seek medical care immediately. Early diagnosis and isolation can prevent further spread.
Way Moving Forward
The surge in measles cases is a stark reminder of the importance of vaccination in protecting global health. By staying informed and proactive, you can play a vital role in reversing this worrying trend and ensuring a healthier, measles-free future for generations to come.