Two new COVID variants, KP.2 and KP 1.1, are currently spreading in the United States, sparking concerns about a potential resurgence of infections. The emergence of FLiRT, a group of COVID-19 variants stemming from the Omicron JN.1 lineage, has raised questions about the need for heightened vigilance. But what exactly is FLiRT, and should we be worried?
Understanding FLiRT
FLiRT, short for 'Fresh Lineage of Rapid Transmission,' encompasses a cluster of SARS-CoV-2 variants that have evolved from the Omicron JN.1 strain. These variants, particularly KP.2 and KP 1.1, exhibit enhanced transmissibility compared to earlier Omicron variants. Despite this increased contagiousness, experts note that the symptoms associated with FLiRT infections largely mirror those of previous COVID variants. These symptoms typically include flu-like symptoms such as body aches, fever, and in some cases, digestive issues.
The Spread and Impact
As FLiRT variants like KP.2 gain prominence in the US, concerns about their ability to evade immunity from prior infections and vaccines have surfaced. Experts have warned that KP.2 has become the dominant strain, accounting for around 25% of new COVID-19 cases as of April 2024. While FLiRT variants show increased transmissibility, the extent of their immune evasion capabilities is still under study.
Assessing the Risk
But when it comes to COVID and other health outcomes, the Indian context differs from the US, with a significant portion of the population gaining immunity through prior infections rather than mRNA vaccines. This distinction suggests a lower immediate risk of FLiRT-related surges in India. However, the potential for these variants to spread globally remains a concern, especially in densely populated areas with varying vaccination levels.
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Precautions and Preparedness
Despite FLiRT not yet being detected in India, experts stress the importance of remaining vigilant and adhering to universal precautions. This includes continued mask usage, maintaining social distancing, practicing proper cough etiquette, and considering influenza vaccination, especially for vulnerable populations like older adults and children.
Looking ahead, experts are emphasising the need for updated vaccination formulations aligned with WHO recommendations to address emerging variants like KP 1.1 within the FLiRT group. Staying informed, practicing preventive measures, and updating vaccination strategies are crucial steps in navigating the evolving landscape of COVID variants.