Subchorionic hematoma, a condition that can cause alarm during pregnancy, is the accumulation of blood between the placenta and the uterine wall. Understanding its causes and knowing how to manage it can help expectant mothers navigate this concern with confidence. In this article, expert sheds light on subchorionic hematoma, its potential causes, and practical management strategies to ensure the health and well-being of both mother and baby.
To understand this condition and its causes, OnlyMyHealth interacted with Dr Chetna Jain Director Dept of Obstetrics and gynecology Cloudnine Group of hospitals, Gurugram.
According to Dr Jain, “A subchorionic hematoma (SCH) is a type of bleeding between the placenta or the chorion and uterus , which is the outer foetal membrane next to the uterus. This condition arises when blood collects between the uterine wall and the chorionic membrane.” She said that it is relatively common in pregnancy and can be detected through ultrasound.
Causes
Dr Jain said that the exact cause of subchorionic hematoma is not always clear, but it can result from:
1. Implantation Bleeding: When the embryo implants into the uterine wall, it can sometimes cause small blood vessels to burst, leading to a hematoma.
2. Placental Separation: If the placenta slightly detached from the uterine wall, it can cause a bleed.
3. Trauma: Physical trauma or injury to the abdominal area can also lead to SCH.
4. Other Factors: Hormonal changes, blood clotting disorders, and other underlying health conditions may contribute to the development of SCH.
Ways to Manage Subchorionic Hematoma
“Management of subchorionic hematoma largely depends on its size, location, and the severity of symptoms,” said Dr Jain. Here are some common approaches listed by her.
1. Monitoring and Observation
Regular Ultrasounds: Frequent ultrasounds are typically performed to monitor the size and progression of the hematoma. The aim is to ensure that it is not growing larger or causing additional complications.
Medical Supervision: Continuous medical supervision helps in assessing the pregnancy’s progress and the hematoma’s impact on the placenta and the foetus.
2. Lifestyle Adjustments
Rest: While complete bed rest is not always recommended, reducing physical activity, especially high-impact activities, is crucial. Avoiding heavy lifting and strenuous exercise can help prevent further bleeding.
Hydration: Staying well-hydrated supports overall health and can be beneficial in managing SCH.
Avoiding Intercourse: Some healthcare providers may recommend abstaining from sexual intercourse to prevent additional irritation or trauma to the uterus.
3. Medications
Progesterone Supplements: In some cases, doctors may prescribe progesterone to help support the pregnancy and reduce the risk of miscarriage associated with SCH.
Blood Clotting Medications: For women with underlying blood clotting disorders, medications may be given to manage the condition and reduce the risk of further bleeding.
4. Frequent Check-Ups
Regular Check-Ups: Regular visits to the healthcare provider are essential for monitoring the health of both the mother and the foetus. These check-ups allow for timely intervention if any complications arise.
5. Emotional Support
Counselling: Dealing with SCH can be stressful. Emotional support through counselling or support groups can help manage anxiety and stress during pregnancy.
Education: Understanding the condition and its implications can help in reducing anxiety. Healthcare providers can offer valuable information and answer any questions about SCH.
Also read: Hypertension During Pregnancy: Expert Lists 9 Tips That Can Help You Avoid It
Ways to Prevent Subchorionic Hematoma
While there is no surefire way to prevent subchorionic hematoma, certain measures can reduce the risk and support a healthy pregnancy:
1. Prenatal Care
Early and Regular Prenatal Visits: Dr Jain emphasised on starting prenatal care early and maintaining regular appointments can help detect and manage potential issues before they become serious.
Screening for Clotting Disorders: Women with a history of blood clotting disorders should be screened and managed appropriately to reduce the risk of SCH.
2. Healthy Lifestyle
Balanced Diet: A nutritious diet rich in vitamins and minerals supports overall health and pregnancy.
Adequate Hydration: Dr Jain advised, “Drinking plenty of water helps maintain the body’s balance and supports healthy blood flow.”
Avoiding Risk Factors: Avoid smoking, alcohol, and recreational drugs, as these can negatively impact pregnancy health.
3. Managing Chronic Conditions
Control of Chronic Diseases: Conditions like hypertension and diabetes should be well-managed to reduce pregnancy complications, including SCH.
Medications: Take any prescribed medications as directed and discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.
4. Physical Activity
Moderate Exercise: “Engage in moderate, low-impact exercise as recommended by your healthcare provider. Activities like walking, swimming, and prenatal yoga can be beneficial,” Dr Jain recommended.
Avoiding High-Risk Activities: Avoid activities that could lead to abdominal trauma or excessive strain on the body.
5. Stress Management
Relaxation Techniques: Practices such as prenatal yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can help manage stress.
Support System: Having a strong support system of family, friends, and healthcare providers can provide emotional and practical support during pregnancy.
Conclusion
Subchorionic hematoma is a condition that requires careful monitoring and management during pregnancy. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and appropriate management strategies, expectant mothers can navigate this condition more effectively. Regular prenatal care, a healthy lifestyle, and support from healthcare providers are crucial in managing SCH and promoting a healthy pregnancy. Concluding, Dr Jain said, “Although preventing SCH entirely may not be possible, taking proactive steps can help reduce the risk and support overall maternal and foetal health.”